Economic analysis and environmental impact of flat plate roof mounted solar energy systems

Michael, Jee Joe; Iniyan, S.

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.12.019

Cited by 62 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Several studies have investigated solar collector systems using various objectives such as cost [30], energy outputs [37], embodied emissions [38], and the environmental damage cost of PV collectors [39]. While these types of studies are much more common for the small scale [40], there is also a limited number which looks at solar technologies for industrial applications [34,41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global solar technology optimization for factory rooftop emissions mitigation

Mousa

Taylor

2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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The industrial sector consumes ∼32% of the world's final energy demand, most in the form of heat which is derived primarily from fossil fuels. Two fundamentally different technologies exist for harvesting sunlight to offset fossil fuel use-solar thermal (ST) and photovoltaic (PV) collectors. The former convert sunlight into heat while the later convert sunlight directly into electricity (although electricity can be converted into heat via heat pumps and/or resistance heating). If/when factories transition towards utilizing their rooftops for solar harvesting, an essential question will be: which solar technology, or a mix of technologies, should be chosen for factory rooftops? This paper investigates this (as yet unanswered) question by assessing the global greenhouse gas emission (GHG e ) mitigation potential of PV and ST collectors in a side-by-side mix (e.g. a percentage where 0% is solely PV and 100% is solely ST available roof area coverage) to supply medium temperature heat (150°C-400°C) for industrial processes. It was found that in most locations globally, a mix of both technologies optimizes the solar output. Globally, installing the optimum PV:ST mix can save up to 141.8 or 205.8 kt CO 2e over installing solely PV or solely ST collectors, respectively. Another interesting finding of this study was that GHG e mitigation potential stems largely from where the solar collectors were manufactured (i.e. the embodied emissions from using local primary energy to fabricate the collectors). Thus, this study reveals that project managers, policymakers, corporate sustainability directors, etc could achieve maximum global GHG e mitigation through simply considering a mix of solar collector technologies and the best practices for manufacturing them. Nomenclatures PVPhotovoltaic ST Solar thermal collector SF Annual solar fraction (contribution) GHG Greenhouse gas CO 2e Equivalent carbon dioxide EM Emission EL Electricity NG Natural gas kt kilo tonne Mt Million tonne GHI Global horizontal irradiance (W m −2 ) DNI Direct normal irradiance (W m −2 ) DNI ratio GHI/DNI (%) GHG e Greenhouse gas emission (kg CO 2e /m 2 ap ) GHG e-Sav Further greenhouse gas emission savings using OPEN ACCESS RECEIVED

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global solar technology optimization for factory rooftop emissions mitigation

Mousa

Taylor

2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…These gases act like a cover that make the world's surface hotter than it ought to be the place as it captures a portion of the warmth emanated from the world's surface and afterward this warmth is retransmitted back to the surface. Many publications concerned with Life Cycle Assessments of various electricity generation technologies have been performed throughout the past decades [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessments showed that the generation of electricity from fossil fuel combustion is responsible for the vast majority of GHG emissions. For instance, electricity generated using coal-fired releases about 20 times more GHGs per kilowatt-hour than any clean, renewable energy sources whether it's solar, wind or nuclear energy [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reconfigured Whale Optimization Technique (RWOT) for Renewable Electrical Energy Optimal Scheduling Impact on Sustainable Development Applied to Damietta Seaport, Egypt

et al. 2018

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This paper studies the effect on the rate of growth of carbon dioxide emission in seaports' atmosphere of replacing a part of the fossil fuel electrical power generation by clean renewable electrical energies, through two different scheduling strategies. The increased rate of harmful greenhouse gas emissions due to conventional electrical power generation severely affects the whole global atmosphere. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emissions are responsible for a significant share of global warming. Developing countries participate in this environmental distortion to a great percentage. Two different suggested strategies for renewable electrical energy scheduling are discussed in this paper, to attain a sustainable green port by the utilization of two mutual sequential clean renewable energies, which are biomass and photovoltaic (PV) energy. The first strategy, which is called the eco-availability mode, is a simple method. It is based on operating the renewable electrical energy sources during the available time of operation, taking into consideration the simple and basic technical issues only, without considering the sophisticated technical and economical models. The available operation time is determined by the environmental condition. This strategy is addressed to result on the maximum available Biomass and PV energy generation based on the least environmental and technical conditions (panel efficiency, minimum average daily sunshine hours per month, minimum average solar insolation per month). The second strategy, which is called the Intelligent Scheduling (IS) mode, relies on an intelligent Reconfigured Whale Optimization Technique (RWOT) based-model. In this strategy, some additional technical and economical issues are considered. The studied renewable electrical energy generation system is considered in two scenarios, which are with and without storage units. The objective (cost) function of the scheduling optimization problem, for both scenarios, are developed. Also, the boundary conditions and problem constraints are concluded. The RWOT algorithm is an updated Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). It is developed to accelerate the rate of reaching the optimal solution for the IS problem. The two strategies simulation and implementation are illustrated and applied to the seaport of Damietta, which is an Egyptian port, located 10 km to the west of the Nile River (Damietta Branch). The scheduling of PV and biomass energy generation during the different year months is examined for both strategies. The impact of renewable electrical energies generation scheduling on carbon dioxide emission and consequently global warming is discussed. The saving in carbon dioxide emission is calculated and the efficient results of the suggested models are clarified. The carbon dioxide emission is reduced to around its fifth value, during renewable energy operation. This work focuses on decreasing the rate of growth of carbon dioxide emission coming from fossil fuel electrical power generation in Egypt, targ...

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“…photovoltaic utilization, solar air heaters, solar water heaters, solar drying systems, furnaces, and so on. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In reality, solar energy based technologies would play an important role in providing huge portions of the current and future of global energy requirements for both private and public sectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study of Ground Measurement and Satellite‐Derived Data of Global and Diffuse Radiation

Mahima

Karakoti

Pathak

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The comparative study of measured and calculated data of India Meteorological Department (IMD) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for 23 locations of India for 15 years (1986–2000) is presented. Global and diffuse radiation data are used in the study and to make the study comprehensive, three statistical predictors, viz., mean percentage error (MPE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean bias error (MBE) are used for the comparison. The results show that for global radiation, MPE is maximum of −36.65% for Shillong and minimum of 0.93% for New Delhi. MBE is found to be maximum of 1.63 kWh/m2 for Shillong while it is minimum (0.04 kWh/m2) for Nagpur. RMSE is maximum (2.14 kWh/m2) for Shillong and minimum for Ranchi (0.19 kWh/m2). For diffuse radiation, MPE is highest for Bhavnagar (100%) and lowest for Hyderabad (81.33%). MBE is maximum of −7.73 kWh/m2 and minimum of −4.62 kWh/m2 for Srinagar. RMSE is maximum for Bhavnagar (8.26 kWh/m2) and minimum for Srinagar (4.73 kWh/m2). © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13060, 2019

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Economic analysis and environmental impact of flat plate roof mounted solar energy systems

Cited by 62 publications

References 35 publications

Global solar technology optimization for factory rooftop emissions mitigation

Global solar technology optimization for factory rooftop emissions mitigation

A Reconfigured Whale Optimization Technique (RWOT) for Renewable Electrical Energy Optimal Scheduling Impact on Sustainable Development Applied to Damietta Seaport, Egypt

A Comprehensive Study of Ground Measurement and Satellite‐Derived Data of Global and Diffuse Radiation

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