Economic Analysis on Hydrogen Pipeline Infrastructure Establishment Scenarios: Case Study of South Korea

Hee-Yeon, Lee; Lee, Sanghun

doi:10.3390/en15186824

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The diameters of these pipes are calculated using the equation ( 1) and comes out to be 2 inches for distribution pipe and 1 inch for service pipeline. The thickness of the pipeline is assumed to be 4.7 mm which is taken as a reference from [27].…”

Section: Pipeline Diameter and Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cost analysis of Synthetic Natural Gas distribution pathways in the context of Nepal

Ghimire,

Mishra,

Pandey

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) produced using Green Hydrogen, and carbon dioxide not only helps to reduce the harmful greenhouse gas emission but also can help Nepal to reduce its dependency on imports for fuel used in the industrial sector. For Nepal to utilize its full potential in Green Hydrogen for industries and household cooking, SNG can be an attractive alternative due to its storage, transmission, and controlled combustion advantages. Europe has been a frontier in SNG production, relying on its already-built Natural Gas network for distribution. Unlike Europe, Nepal doesn’t have any previously built gas pipeline network. Large biogas plants distribute the produced gaseous bio-CNG in cylinders. But unlike LPG, which can be liquified through pressurization (836 kPa at 20°C) only, SNG can only be liquified cryogenically (-162°C at 20 kPa), which requires a tremendous amount of energy. This study compares the costs of the distribution of SNG in gaseous form through gas pipelines and cylinders. A case study is performed in the Butwal Industrial Area of Nepal, in which data is gathered from primary and secondary sources to design the gas pipeline network and estimate the costs associated with distributing SNG using both pipelines and cylinders. It has been found that the capital cost (CAPEX) and the annual operating cost (OPEX) are significantly lower for pipeline distribution compared to the distribution using cylinders. The Net Present Value (NPV) of total costs for pipeline distribution was found to be NPR 12,002,821 compared to NPV of NPR 35,417,390 for cylinder distribution. Hence, distributing produced SNG using pipelines is more cost-effective than distributing using cylinders inside the industrial area of Nepal.

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Section: Pipeline Diameter and Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative cost analysis of Synthetic Natural Gas distribution pathways in the context of Nepal

Ghimire,

Mishra,

Pandey

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…In existing hydrogen infrastructures, low-alloy steel tubes are preferred for hydrogen pipes, such as X42 and X52 steel pipes recommended by ASME B31.12 standards. Some recent scenario analyses for hydrogen logistics follow this recommendation [33]. The use of higher-grade steels, X65, X70 and higher, for hydrogen transport is being investigated [34,35], which may imply a review of ASME standards, as the main reference for gas transmission and distribution piping systems.…”

Section: Hydrogen Transport By Pipelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives for Transport, Storage in Port and Bunkering Systems for Offshore Energy to Green Hydrogen

Saborit,

García-Rosales Vazquez,

Storch de Gracia Calvo

et al. 2023

Energies

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Offshore electricity production, mainly by wind turbines, and, eventually, floating PV, is expected to increase renewable energy generation and their dispatchability. In this sense, a significant part of this offshore electricity would be directly used for hydrogen generation. The integration of offshore energy production into the hydrogen economy is of paramount importance for both the techno-economic viability of offshore energy generation and the hydrogen economy. An analysis of this integration is presented. The analysis includes a discussion about the current state of the art of hydrogen pipelines and subsea cables, as well as the storage and bunkering system that is needed on shore to deliver hydrogen and derivatives. This analysis extends the scope of most of the previous works that consider port-to-port transport, while we report offshore to port. Such storage and bunkering will allow access to local and continental energy networks, as well as to integrate offshore facilities for the delivery of decarbonized fuel for the maritime sector. The results of such state of the art suggest that the main options for the transport of offshore energy for the production of hydrogen and hydrogenated vectors are through direct electricity transport by subsea cables to produce hydrogen onshore, or hydrogen transport by subsea pipeline. A parametric analysis of both alternatives, focused on cost estimates of each infrastructure (cable/pipeline) and shipping has been carried out versus the total amount of energy to transport and distance to shore. For low capacity (100 GWh/y), an electric subsea cable is the best option. For high-capacity renewable offshore plants (TWh/y), pipelines start to be competitive for distances above approx. 750 km. Cost is highly dependent on the distance to land, ranging from 35 to 200 USD/MWh.

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“…In practical engineering as in existing hydrogen infrastructures, low-alloy steel tubes are preferred for hydrogen pipelines as X42 and X52 steel pipes recommended by ASME B31.12 standards. Some recent scenario analysis for hydrogen logistics follow this recommendation [29]. The use of higher-grade steels, X65, X70 and higher, for hydrogen transport are being investigated, what may imply a review of ASME standards, as main reference for gas transmission and distribution piping systems.…”

Section: Hydrogen Transport By Pipelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives for Transport, Storage in Port and Bunkering Systems for Off-Shore Green Hydrogen

Saborit,

García-Rosales,

Gracia

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Offshore electricity production, mainly by wind turbines, and eventually floating PV in the future, will contribute to increase renewable energy production, as well as their dispatchability. The need for that energy evacuation and the implementation of the hydrogen economy are challenges that arise the evaluation of such energy facilities for the direct production of hydrogen. The analysis of the alternatives for the evacuation of offshore renewable electricity for the production of hydrogen is presented. The analysis includes discussion about the current state of the art of hydrogen pipelines and subsea cables, as well as the storage and bunkering system that is needed on shore. The main options for energy evacuation will be via an electric subsea cable to produce hydrogen onshore, or by pipeline, depending on the capacity of the offshore plant. For low capacity, an electric subsea cable is the best option. For high capacity renewable offshore plants, pipelines start to be competitive for distances above aprox. 450 miles.

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Economic Analysis on Hydrogen Pipeline Infrastructure Establishment Scenarios: Case Study of South Korea

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Comparative cost analysis of Synthetic Natural Gas distribution pathways in the context of Nepal

Comparative cost analysis of Synthetic Natural Gas distribution pathways in the context of Nepal

Alternatives for Transport, Storage in Port and Bunkering Systems for Offshore Energy to Green Hydrogen

Alternatives for Transport, Storage in Port and Bunkering Systems for Off-Shore Green Hydrogen

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