Economic and environmental costs of rural household energy consumption structures in Sameakki Meanchey district, Kampong Chhnang Province, Cambodia

San, Vibol; Sriv, Tharith; Spoann, Vin; Var, Sovanndara; Sophat, Seak

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.10.017

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The survey found that firewood is used in 86% of all households and in rural villages without electricity grid, the figure is 98%, which is in line with the Population Census of 2008 and the findings of San et al [16,24]. In the urban areas, however, the survey found a larger charcoal consumption than the Census, which neither specifies consumption of plant residues as a cooking fuel [16].…”

Section: Residential Consumption Of Renewable Energy Sourcessupporting

confidence: 73%

Bioenergy Consumption and Biogas Potential in Cambodian Households

2013

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Abstract:Residential bioenergy consumption and bioenergy resources based on by-products of residential agricultural production and animal husbandry have been analyzed statistically, based on a nationwide residential livelihood and energy survey conducted in Cambodia in 2009. Furthermore, the potential for biomethanation, residential biogas consumption and small-scale power generation for non-electrified rural areas has been assessed. Household potential of biogas substrates in Cambodia, based on nationally representative data has not been presented earlier. This paper proposes mixtures of substrates for biogas production for various livelihood zones of Cambodia. The occurrence of biomass suitable for biomethanation is most favorable in unelectrified rural areas, except for fishing villages. The theoretical daily biogas potential from animal dung and rice husk appears to be promising for households in unelectrified rural villages, both for household digesters and units designed for small-scale electricity generation. Theoretical CH 4 content of biogas was 63.9% and specific biogas yield 0.41 Nm 3 /kg for households in unelectrified villages. Based on the survey, the energy content of biogas potential is 25.5 PJ per year. This study shows that biogas has nationally significant technical potential in Cambodia.

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Section: Residential Consumption Of Renewable Energy Sourcessupporting

confidence: 73%

Bioenergy Consumption and Biogas Potential in Cambodian Households

2013

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“…biomass produced on the farm) and unpaid labour from family members is used for the required processes. Some exceptions are however evident; for instance, when the provision of non--commercial fuels necessitates hiring external labour and permission fees are payable for accessing communal resources [33,43]. However, in general, the procurement of non--commercial fuels has a low monetary cost and relies on financially uncompensated labour--intensive tasks.…”

Section: Types Of Fuels and Fuel Procurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the diffusion of domestic biogas technologies. Systematic conceptualisation of existing evidence from developing and emerging countries

Ortíz

Terrapon-Pfaff

Dienst

2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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Accelerating the diffusion of domestic biogas is considered to be a promising option for reaching the goal of universal access to energy by 2030, particularly for the provision of cooking energy for rural populations in developing countries. The aim of this study is to develop a systematic account of the factors that influence the diffusion of domestic biogas technologies. To achieve this objective, a three step analysis approach is applied. In the first step, a conceptual model is built based on insights from scholars that have been studying the diffusion of energy innovations in rural contexts. In the next step, a qualitative content analysis of scientific literature is undertaken to test and refine the categories proposed by the conceptual model and to systematically organise the empirical evidence of the factors that influence the diffusion of domestic biogas in developing and emerging countries. The systemised evidence is used to identify the components and interactions between the household configurations and socio--economic context that determine both the adoption process at household level and the overall technology diffusion. Finally, in the last step, we reflect on the implications of the resultant systematic conceptualisation regarding the purpose and design of programmes promoting the dissemination of domestic biogas technologies. 1 Some examples of early designs and applications include the patented design and its commercialisation by Mr Lo Guo--Rui in the 1930s in China [2], first installations of early designs under real conditions in Indian rural households during the 1950s [3] and the demonstration of the technology at a school in 1955 in Kathmandu, Nepal [4].

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“…There are many studies related to rural energy consumption, including energy consumption structure, energy poverty, characteristics of energy usage, air pollution and health impacts, and construction of new energy sources, especially focusing on developing countries [17][18][19]. In China, extensive studies on rural energy consumption have been conducted in several aspects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Fuel Choice in Rural Areas: Field Research of Two Counties of North China

Hou

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Solid fuels are still widely used in rural China though the living standard has improved greatly. Energy poverty is an obvious indicator of poverty, which has serious effects on economic development, environment, and health. In this paper, we conducted a detailed analysis on fuel choice and usage behavior of different end-use activities in rural residential energy consumption. Using 717 household observations from micro-survey data in two counties of Shandong and Hebei province in 2016, we find that biomass is the dominant fuel used for cooking among all energy sources despite of obvious decreasing trend in recent years, accounting for 44%. Clean energy used to cook increased markedly with a proportion of nearly 50%. Solar energy is an ordinary fuel used for water heating except for biomass. Almost 90% of households rely on coal for space heating in winter, and one-third of households have space heating for fewer than two months. Ownership of home appliances for basic needs is higher than that for hedonistic needs, and usage behaviors of some appliances are economical. Fuel accessibility of commercial energy have improved noticeably in rural areas, and the high proportion usage of biomass is affected by family income, usage habits, local resources, environmental recognition, education, and age. Since the negative effects of using solid fuels, it is urgent to cleanse biomass, develop new energy, and improve residents' cognition about the consequences of using solid fuels.

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Economic and environmental costs of rural household energy consumption structures in Sameakki Meanchey district, Kampong Chhnang Province, Cambodia

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Bioenergy Consumption and Biogas Potential in Cambodian Households

Bioenergy Consumption and Biogas Potential in Cambodian Households

Understanding the diffusion of domestic biogas technologies. Systematic conceptualisation of existing evidence from developing and emerging countries

Residential Fuel Choice in Rural Areas: Field Research of Two Counties of North China

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