Economic and Social Factors Driving the Third Wave of Democratization

Papaioannou, Elias; Siourounis, Gregorios

doi:10.2139/ssrn.566021

Cited by 53 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Bussmann instruments her trade openness variable, but questions can be raised about whether her instruments – GDP per capita, investment and government consumption – satisfy the exogeneity and exclusion restrictions 13 Rudra (2005). argues that the effect of trade openness on democratization is positive but contingent – that one finds a positive impact only in countries with high or rising levels of social spending (where there exists a social safety net) 14 Papaioannou and Siourounis (2005). limit their sample to initially non‐democratic countries and conclude that trade openness plays a significant role in driving transitions to democracy.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Democracy and Globalization

Eichengreen

Leblang

2008

Economics & Politics

226

165

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The relationship between democracy and globalization has been a subject of both scholarly and policy debate. Some argue that the two go hand in hand – that unrestricted international transactions encourage political accountability and transparency and that politically free societies are least likely to restrict the mobility of goods and services. But others argue that democracies, in which special interests that suffer from foreign competition have voice, are more likely to have closed markets, and vice versa. Our analysis differs from its predecessors in three ways. We seek to uncover general patterns by considering as long a period as possible and all countries with the relevant data. We consider multiple dimensions of globalization, analyzing both trade liberalization and capital account liberalization. And we estimate these relationships using an instrumental variables strategy that allows us to confront the issue of simultaneity. Our findings support the existence of positive relationships between democracy and globalization.

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Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Democracy and Globalization

Eichengreen

Leblang

2008

Economics & Politics

226

165

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“…The democracy variable DEM takes the value 1 if a country is democratic and 0 otherwise. Data for DEM come from Papaioannou and Siourounis (, b). We do not use the political liberalization classification of GT since they do not distinguish between full and partial democratizations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Law and Order Attenuate the Benefits of Democracy on Economic Growth?

Assiotis

Sylwester²

2014

Economica

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Recent studies have reported positive associations between democracy and economic growth. They have also explored how associations could differ across regions or income levels. However, might the effects of democracy on growth also depend on factors such as institutions promoting law and order? Using a panel specification, we employ a democracy-law and order interactive term to examine if the effects of democracy on economic growth depend on these other institutions. We find that positive effects of democracy diminish and might even turn negative in countries where other institutions such as those supporting law and order are strong.Notes LAW denotes the law and order index from ICRG. 'Always democratic' denotes the countries that were democratic throughout the sample period. NAD countries are those that began as non-democratic. Some of the NAD countries remained non-democratic throughout the sample period (row 4 of panels B and C) and some fully democratized (row 5 of panels B and C).Economica

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“…This is a thesis strongly challenged by the findings of D. Acemoglu et al (2008) indicating that despite the strong positive correlation between the two, there is no strong evidence pointing to a causal nexus between income per capita and democracy. On the other hand, results reported by E. Papaioannou & G. Siourounis (2008) suggest that democratisation is more likely to take place in educated and affluent societies with economic development and education emerging as important drivers and determinants of democratic transitions. Others have examined the possible effects that the deepening process of globalisation has on national democratic governance (Li & Reuveny 2003;López-Córdova & Meissner 2005;Eichengreen & Leblang 2008;Ardalan 2011).…”

Section: Urbanisation and Human Empowermentmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A rather hefty and steadily growing body of theoretical and empirical literature, the roots of which can be traced back to Aristotle, addresses and debates the economic and social drivers of the democratisation process, and the emergence and consolidation of democracy and democratic institutions that augment and guarantee human rights (Barro 1999;López-Córdova & Meissner 2005;Glaeser, Ponzetto & Shleifer 2007;Papaioannou & Siourounis 2008;Sommer & Asal 2014). As N. Thede (2009) observes, democratisation, development and human rights are complementary processes with complex interactions amongst themselves.…”

Section: Urbanisation and Human Empowermentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nexus Between Urbanisation and Human Empowerment: Income Group Based Findings of Bidirectional Causality

Kollias

2019

Urban Development Issues

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The economic and social drivers of democratisation and the emergence and establishment of democratic institutions are longstanding themes of academic discourse. Within this broad body of literature, it has been argued that the process of urbanisation is also conducive to the emergence and consolidation of democracy through a number of different channels. Cities offer better access to education and facilitate organised public action and the demand for more democratic rule and respect of human rights. The nexus between urbanisation and human rights is the theme that is taken up in the present paper. Using a sample of 123 countries for the period 1981–2011, the paper examines empirically the association between urbanisation and human empowerment using the Cingranelli-Richards Index. In broad terms, the findings reported herein do not point to a strong nexus across all income groups. Nevertheless, there is evidence suggesting the presence of such a statistically significant positive association in specific cases.

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Economic and Social Factors Driving the Third Wave of Democratization

Cited by 53 publications

References 72 publications

Democracy and Globalization

Democracy and Globalization

Does Law and Order Attenuate the Benefits of Democracy on Economic Growth?

The Nexus Between Urbanisation and Human Empowerment: Income Group Based Findings of Bidirectional Causality

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