“…The calculation of the capital depreciation rate is the main issue for measuring capital stock. At present, the main methods for calculating the depreciation rate include assuming the depreciation rate (Wu, 2000;Wang and Yao, 2003), estimating the depreciation rate by using the depreciation amount (Escribá-Pérez et al, 2018;Amir-ud-Din et al, 2019), econometric analysis (Hernández and Mauleón, 2005;Ning and Diewert, 2011) and the relative efficiency method (Zhang, 2008;Wu et al, 2014;Long and Herrera, 2016). However, the objectivity of assuming the depreciation rate method is poor, which can easily lead to "expected self-realization."…”