Economic aspects of the control of classical swine fever outbreaks in the European Union

Saatkamp, H.W.; Berentsen, P.B.M.; Horst, H.S.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00147-4

Cited by 59 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Contagious diseases, such as classical swine fever and foot and mouth disease, can cause catastrophic losses to individual livestock producers, producers as a group, other stakeholders, as well as to taxpayers (Saatkamp et al 2000). The European Union is therefore prepared to eradicate most contagious diseases quickly once they are introduced into member countries.…”

Section: The Case Of Exogenously Delayed Slaughtermentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic programming model for optimising feeding and slaughter decisions regarding fattening pigs

Niemi¹

2006

AFSci

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Costs of purchasing new piglets and of feeding them until slaughter are the main variable expenditures in pig fattening. They both depend on slaughter intensity, the nature of feeding patterns and the technological constraints of pig fattening, such as genotype. Therefore, it is of interest to examine the effect of production technology and changes in input and output prices on feeding and slaughter decisions. This study examines the problem by using a dynamic programming model that links genetic characteristics of a pig to feeding decisions and the timing of slaughter and takes into account how these jointly affect the quality-adjusted value of a carcass. The state of nature and the genotype of a pig are known in the analysis. The results suggest that producer can benefit from improvements in the pigs genotype. Animals of improved genotype can reach optimal slaughter maturity quicker and produce leaner meat than animals of poor genotype. In order to fully utilise the benefits of animal breeding, the producer must adjust feeding and slaughter patterns on the basis of genotype. The results also suggest that the producer can benefit from flexible feeding technology. Typically, such a technology provides incentives to feed piglets with protein-rich feed. When the pig approaches slaughter maturity, the share of protein-rich feed in the diet gradually decreases and the amount of energy-rich feed increases. Generally, the optimal slaughter weight is within the weight range that pays the highest price per kilogram of pig meat. The optimal feeding pattern and the optimal timing of slaughter depend on price ratios. Particularly, an increase in the price of pig meat provides incentives to increase the growth rates up to the pigs biological maximum by increasing the amount of energy in the feed. Price changes and changes in slaughter premium can also have large income effects.;

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Section: The Case Of Exogenously Delayed Slaughtermentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic programming model for optimising feeding and slaughter decisions regarding fattening pigs

Niemi¹

2006

AFSci

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“…While eradication programmes based on "stamping-out" have been followed to eliminate classical swine fever (CSF) in many countries, these pig populations remain under constant threat, particularly where CSFV is enzootic in wild boars. With such situations, an important control instrument is vaccination, alone or combined with stamping-out [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo

Rau¹,

Revets

Balmelli³

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

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-Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs characterised by fever, severe leukopenia and haemorrhages. With vaccines having an importance in disease control, studies are seeking improved protein-based subunit vaccine against the virus (CSFV). In this respect, recombinant viral NS3 protein was analysed for its immunopotentiating capacity, particularly in terms of cytotoxic immune responses. NS3 was effective at inducing in vitro responses, quantified by lymphoproliferation, IFN-γ ELISPOT, flow cytometric detection of activated T cell subsets, and cytotoxic T cell assays. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CSFV-immune pigs could be stimulated, but not cells from naïve animals. In addition to the IFN-γ responses, induction of both CD4 + T helper cell and CD8 + cytotoxic T cells (CTL) were discernible -activation of the latter was confirmed in a virus-specific cytolytic assay. Attempts were made to translate this to the in vivo situation, by vaccinating pigs with an E2/NS3-based vaccine compared with an E2 subunit vaccine. Both vaccines were similar in their abilities to stimulate specific immune responses and protect pigs against lethal CSFV infection. Although the E2/NS3 vaccine appeared to have an advantage in terms of antibody induction, this was not statistically significant when group studies were performed. It was also difficult to visualise the NS3 capacity to promote T-cell responses in vivo. These results show that NS3 has potential for promoting cytotoxic defences, but the formulation of the vaccine requires optimisation for ensuring that NS3 is correctly delivered to antigen presenting cells for efficient activation of CTL.classical swine fever / subunit vaccine / E2 / NS3 / CTL

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“…For example, during the 1997/98 CSF outbreaks in Germany, Spain and the Netherlands, the pigs euthanized due to adverse animal welfare conditions comprised 62% to 87% of the total pigs euthanized (Edwards et al, 2000;Terpstra and de Smit, 2000). The costs associated with the activities for managing animal welfare concerns were estimated to be >50% of the total direct costs for the outbreak control (Saatkamp et al, 2000). In addition, the timing of the emergence of adverse animal welfare outcomes is critical because the resources required for alleviating animal welfare conditions often overlap with the resources for other disease control activities such as depopulation of infected premises, preemptive culling and carcass disposal Roche et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the time at which overcrowding and feed interruption emerge on the swine premises under movement restrictions during a classical swine fever outbreak

Weng

Yadav

Widmar

et al. 2017

Animal

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A stochastic risk model was developed to estimate the time elapsed before overcrowding (TOC) or feed interruption (TFI) emerged on the swine premises under movement restrictions during a classical swine fever (CSF) outbreak in Indiana, USA. Nursery (19 to 65 days of age) and grow-to-finish (40 to 165 days of age) pork production operations were modelled separately. Overcrowding was defined as the total weight of pigs on premises exceeding 100% to 115% of the maximum capacity of the premises, which was computed as the total weight of the pigs at harvest/transition age. Algorithms were developed to estimate age-specific weight of the pigs on premises and to compare the daily total weight of the pigs with the threshold weight defining overcrowding to flag the time when the total weight exceeded the threshold (i.e. when overcrowding occurred). To estimate TFI, an algorithm was constructed to model a swine producer's decision to discontinue feed supply by incorporating the assumptions that a longer estimated epidemic duration, a longer time interval between the age of pigs at the onset of the outbreak and the harvest/transition age, or a longer progression of an ongoing outbreak would increase the probability of a producer's decision to discontinue the feed supply. Adverse animal welfare conditions were modelled to emerge shortly after an interruption of feed supply. Simulations were run with 100 000 iterations each for a 365-day period. Overcrowding occurred in all simulated iterations, and feed interruption occurred in 30% of the iterations. The median (5th and 95th percentiles) TOC was 24 days (10, 43) in nursery operations and 78 days (26, 134) in grow-to-finish operations. Most feed interruptions, if they emerged, occurred within 15 days of an outbreak. The median (5th and 95th percentiles) time at which either overcrowding or feed interruption emerged was 19 days (4, 42) in nursery and 57 days (4, 130) in grow-to-finish operations. The study findings suggest that overcrowding and feed interruption could emerge early during a CSF outbreak among swine premises under movement restrictions. The outputs derived from the risk model could be used to estimate and evaluate associated mitigation strategies for alleviating adverse animal welfare conditions resulting from movement restrictions.

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Economic aspects of the control of classical swine fever outbreaks in the European Union

Cited by 59 publications

References 7 publications

A dynamic programming model for optimising feeding and slaughter decisions regarding fattening pigs

A dynamic programming model for optimising feeding and slaughter decisions regarding fattening pigs

Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo

Modelling the time at which overcrowding and feed interruption emerge on the swine premises under movement restrictions during a classical swine fever outbreak

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