Economic Assessment of Climate Adaptation Options in Myanmar Rice-Based Farming System

Hein, Yarzar; Vijitsrikamol, Kampanat; Attavanich, Witsanu; Janekarnkij, Penporn

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n5p35

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, suitable and effective agricultural adaptation options must be developed for various environmental conditions. This factor was also highlighted the study by Hein et al (2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Improving Rice Production Efficiency in Myanmar by Controlling for Environmental Production Factors

Aye¹,

Nomura²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2022

JAS

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Rice is the dominant crop in Myanmar and central to the agricultural economy. To increase rice productivity, farmers’ production performance is vital. This requires adjusting the availability of physical production inputs in response to environmental conditions. Very few studies have focused on the effects of relevant environmental conditions in Myanmar, including the impact of weather shocks during the rice production. This study aimed to the improve rice production based on the present performance of rice farmers, while controlling the impact of adverse environmental conditions. Information on rice production was extracted randomly from in-depth interviews with rice farmers in the Ayeyarwady Delta region. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic production frontier function was applied to examine the effects of the underestimated environmental factors. Erratic rainfall and excessive temperature during early growth stage have a significant negative impact on monsoon rice productivity. During the 2018-2019 monsoon cropping season, different levels of yield loss due to weather shock negatively affected rice farmers’ production efficiency. Controlling the environmental conditions improved technical efficiency from 88% to 93%. Based on these findings, policy makers and stakeholders should invest in climate services development, thus enhancing farmers’ understanding of weather variability and upscaling the use of local climate adaptation strategies in accordance with the Myanmar Climate Smart Agriculture Strategy.

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“…Moreover, suitable and effective agricultural adaptation options must be developed for various environmental conditions. This factor was also highlighted the study by Hein et al (2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Improving Rice Production Efficiency in Myanmar by Controlling for Environmental Production Factors

Aye¹,

Nomura²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2022

JAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The net benefit of using CAP resulted in the highest average yield in the study area. Hein et al (2019) and Ali et al (2021) also noted that farmers' adaptation practices reduced the adverse effects of climate change and improved rice productivity. Among the cost of production inputs, labor costs, consisting of family and hired labor, comprised the largest share of the total cost (54%), suggesting that the efficient use of skilled labor could improve the profit share.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Profit Efficiency, Weather Risk and Climate Adaptation Practices of Rice Farmers in Myanmar

Aye¹,

Nomura²,

Takahashi³

et al. 2022

JAS

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In recent years most developing countries, including Myanmar, have been seriously affected by the negative effect of climate variability—such as erratic rainfall, increased temperatures, longer dry spells, flooding and saltwater intrusion—during the crop growing season. Furthermore, most farmers lack knowledge of climate variability and how to cope with the negative effect of climate change. This study aimed to evaluate the profitability and profit efficiency of rice farmers in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, during 2019 monsoon growing season, taking into consideration the effect of weather shock and farmers’ agricultural adaptation practices to climate variability. The Cobb-Douglas functional form was applied, with maximum likelihood techniques, to estimate rice growing productivity and the influencing factors of profit inefficiency among individual rice farmers. The average profit efficiency level of the yield loss group was approximately 0.39, while that of the no yield loss group was 0.66, indicating a relatively large gap between the two groups (27% wider distribution). Observation of the climate adaptation performances of rice farmers indicated that rice production incorporating climate adaptation practices (CAP) led to a significantly better average profit efficiency score (66%) than rice production omitting CAP. This study clearly revealed that the effect of weather variability on individual rice farmers leads to large variations in net profit and profit efficiency for monsoon rice production in the study area. Climate-smart agricultural practices should be developed through agricultural extension services, and using farmer-to-farmer extension services, to share information and technologies among smallholder rice farmers.

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“…Also, farmers with higher education levels and income were more likely to adopt adaptation measures than those with lower levels of education and income. Similarly, Hein et al (2019) observed that income and education levels were key drivers of climate change adaptation strategies in Myanmar, with farmers with higher income and education levels being more likely to take adaptation methods than those with lower income and education.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Determining factors and barriers to the uptake of climate change adaptation strategies of agriculture and aquaculture farm households in Myanmar

Tun Oo,

Cho,

Yan Naing

et al. 2024

IJCCSM

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Purpose Climate change is an undeniable reality that threatens people’s livelihoods. Flooding and saltwater intrusion, along with the rising sea levels, are affecting agricultural and aquaculture livelihoods in Myanmar’s coastal areas. Although climate change adaptation is gaining popularity as a resilience strategy to cope with the negative effects of climate change, both agriculture- and aquaculture-farmers are more often deterred from implementing climate change adaptation strategies due to practical availability and socioeconomic barriers to adaptation. This study aims to evaluate the barriers and factors that influence farm household’ choice of climate change adaptation measures. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted with 599 farm households (484 rice-farmers and 115 fish farmers) based in the coastal areas of Myanmar during 2021–2022 to explore the farmer’s choice of climate change adaptation measures and the determining factors. The multinomial logit regression (MLR) model was used to examine the factors influencing the farmers’ choice of climate change adaptation strategies. Findings The study found out that farm households use a variety of adaptation methods at the farm level, with building embankment strategy (23.4%) in agriculture and net-fencing measure (33.9%) in fish farming being the most popular adaptation strategies. Farmers’ decisions to adopt climate change adaptation strategies are influenced by factors such as distance to market, education level of the household head, remittance income and the availability of early warning information, among others. The study also discovered that COVID-19 has had an impact on the employment opportunities of household members and the income from farming as well had a consequential effect on the adoption of climate change adaptation measures. Furthermore, lack of credit (42.4%), labor shortage (52.8%), pest and disease infestation (58.9%), high input costs (81%) and lower agricultural product prices (73%) were identified as major barriers to the adoption of climate change adaptation measures by both agriculture and aquaculture farm households. Originality/value This study demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic and farm-level barriers are the major factors influencing farm households’ choice of climate change adaptation measures, and that removing practical farm-level barriers and encouraging the adoption of adaptation techniques as potential COVID-19 recovery actions are required. This study also highlighted that the adaptive capacity of agriculture and aquaculture farm households should be strengthened through formal and informal training programs, awareness raising, the exchange of early warning information and the development of proper credit scheme programs.

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Economic Assessment of Climate Adaptation Options in Myanmar Rice-Based Farming System

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Improving Rice Production Efficiency in Myanmar by Controlling for Environmental Production Factors

Improving Rice Production Efficiency in Myanmar by Controlling for Environmental Production Factors

Profit Efficiency, Weather Risk and Climate Adaptation Practices of Rice Farmers in Myanmar

Determining factors and barriers to the uptake of climate change adaptation strategies of agriculture and aquaculture farm households in Myanmar

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