Economic burden of cardiovascular diseases in Serbia

Abstract

The total direct costs of cardiovascular disease in 2009 were Euro 400 million. The results showed that more than half a million working days were lost due to incapacity resulting from cardiovascular diseases, yielding the Euro 113.9 millon. The majority of total costs (Euro 514.3 million) were for: medication (29.94%), hospital days (28.97%) and hospital inpatient care--surgical and diagnostic interventions (17.84%). The results were robust to a change in 20% of volume or the unit price of all direct and indirect cost and to discount rate 2% and 10%. CONCLUSIONS; The total cardiovascular disease costs in 2009 represented approximately 1.8% of the Serbian gross domestic product. The results of the study would be valuable to health policy makers to bridge the gap between invested resources and needs, in order to improve cardiovascular disease outcomes.

Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Before and After the Iran’s Health Transformation Plan: A Cross-Sectional Study on Referral Hospital in the North-West of Iran

“…In the UK, hospital inpatient care was estimated about 63% of the total CVDs costs, and surgical services were introduced as the largest share of hospitalization costs (22), which con rms the results of the present study. Another study in Serbia showed that more than 60% of the costs are attributed to hospitalization and surgical services, which is consistent with the results of the present study (35). Similarly, another study on patients with CVDs in Iran, reported direct care costs as the major proportion of the costs associated with open heart surgery costs (40).…”

“…The study also showed that despite a reduction in the percentage of the CVDs mortality cost after the HTP, this reduction was not statistically signi cant compared to that before the HTP, which is not consistent with the ndings of most studies in developed countries. In European countries, more than 60% of the total costs of CVDs attributed to the hospitalization (34,35), while in other studies, it was reported that just about 23% of CVDs costs attributed to the mortality costs in the UK (22) and about 33% in South Korea (36). One of the reasons for this may be due to the low mean age of CVDs mortality and morbidity in developing countries, such as Iran (37).…”

The economic burden of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

“…Specifically, six studies reported the national or regional economic loss due to CVD in sub-Saharan Africa [25] ($9bn), Brazil [26] ($ 20bn), India [27] ($2.4 trillion over 2012–2030), Fiji Islands [28] ($8.5mn), Serbia [29] ($1bn) and China [27] ($8.8trillion over 2012–2030). One paper used econometric methods to estimate the global cost of heart failure to be $15.6 billion, however data from only one LMIC (Brazil) informed the model, the rest being high-income countries [30].…”

“…One paper used econometric methods to estimate the global cost of heart failure to be $15.6 billion, however data from only one LMIC (Brazil) informed the model, the rest being high-income countries [30]. Four studies reported the cost of CVD as a proportion of national or regional GDP: Brazil [26] (1.7%), sub-Saharan Africa [25] (7%), Russian Federation [31] (2.8%) and Serbia [29] (1.8%).…”

Factors Associated with Utilization of Primary and Specialist Healthcare Services by Elderly Cardiovascular Patients in the Republic of Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study from the National Health Survey 2013

“…The burden of CVDs in Serbia is a burning issue, representing approximately 1.8% of the Serbian gross domestic product (GDP) in 2009 [23]. Apparently, the increase in healthcare expenditure did not tackle the rising costs of CVDs.…”