Economic burden of malaria illness on households versus that of all other illness episodes: a study in five malaria holo-endemic Nigerian communities

Onwujekwe, Obinna; Chima, Reginald; Okonkwo, P. O.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8510(00)00105-6

Cited by 97 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The estimation of costs allowed for distinction between three groups of households: households paying very expensive costs in private hospitals, households paying intermediate expenditures in state hospitals, and households paying lower expenditures in confessional hospitals. Our results confirm the conclusions of numerous studies carried out in Nigeria, Ethiopia, Sudan, Burkina Faso, and Sri Lanka that found that the medical attention of children suffering from severe malaria in private hospitals was associated with the highest expenditures [16,20,[22][23][24][25]. In this study, the differences in treatment costs observed between public and private hospitals vs. confessional structures confirmed the hypothesis of a lack of adjustment and of under-financing by the Congolese state.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Costs of treatment of children affected by severe malaria in reference hospitals of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Ilunga-Ilunga

Lévêque

Ngongo

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Malaria remains a real problem of public health. Its hospital care generates important expenditures for affected households. The present study aimed to estimate direct and indirect costs of severe child malaria in reference hospitals in Kinshasa. Methodology: This prospective study included 1,350 children under 15 years of age suffering from severe malaria. The study was performed between 1 January and 30 November, 2011. Data were collected in nine reference hospitals. The studied parameters were direct pre-hospital costs, direct hospital costs, and indirect costs. Costs were assessed from the household point of view. Results: Median costs associated with the disease ranged from 114 USD in confessional hospitals to 173 USD in state hospitals and 308 USD in private hospitals. Direct pre-hospital median costs ranged between 3 and 11 USD. Direct hospital costs reached 72 USD in confessional hospitals, 139 USD in state hospitals, and 254 USD in private hospitals. Indirect costs ranged from 22 USD in state hospitals to 30 USD in confessional hospitals and 46 USD in private hospitals, regardless of the status of the accompanying parent or guardian. Factors explaining the variability of costs were the neurological form of malaria, indirect recourse to hospital, socioeconomic level, type of prescribing person, child's status upon leaving the hospital, and child's transfusion status. Conclusions: The care of severe child malaria appeared to be expensive in private and state hospitals. A state subsidy of health care and regulation of the private sector would contribute to the reduction of malaria's financial impact.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…As income is often underestimated in DRC, global self-declared expenditures were considered instead of income. Several authors consider global self-declared expenditures to be a better proxy of household purchasing power than the sum of self-declared income [19,20].…”

Section: Cost Approach and Cost Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs of treatment of children affected by severe malaria in reference hospitals of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Ilunga-Ilunga

Lévêque

Ngongo

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Malaria accounts for much of the disease burden in Nigeria, claiming thousands of life and causing massive economic losses (Onwujekwe et al, 2000). The socio-economic aspects of population are known to contribute significantly to the epidemiology and control of parasitic diseases (Ukoli, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Aspects of Malaria among Students in Two Tertiary Institutions in Lagos, Nigeria

Okwa¹,

Bello²,

Olundegun³

2011

Sierra Leone j. biomed. res.

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Studies were carried out on the social aspects of malaria among 600 students. Three hundred students (150 male, 150 females) were randomly selected from two tertiary institutions in Lagos, Nigeria. These schools are Lagos State University (LASU) and AOCOED (Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education). A structured questionnaire elicited relevant information on knowledge, perception and social aspects of malaria. Students aged 21-23, from faculty of arts and in their second year participated mostly in the study with no significant difference between the two schools. In LASU, 223(74.3%) and 211(70.3%) in AOCOED knew the cause of malaria (P>0.05). In LASU, 282(94%) and 192(64%) in AOCOED believed that malaria could be prevented (P<0.05). In LASU, 283(96%) and 283(94.3%) in AOCOED believed malaria could be treated (P>0.05). 109 (36.3%) respondents in LASU and 112(37.3%) in AOCOED thought that malaria was contagious (P>0.05). Fever was the most recognised symptom of malaria in both schools and self-medication was more popular in AOCOED. In LASU, 284(94.6%) and AOCOED, 273(91%) had malaria in the past one year (P>0.05). 146(48.7%) of the students who participated in LASU and 206(68.6%) in AOCOED had been admitted for malaria within the past one year (P<0.05). Class absenteeism and low academic performance were significantly higher in AOCOED than LASU. However, our results suggested that the LASU students were more informed about malaria than the AOCOED students because their knowledge and perception was better. The students, despite their academic backgrounds need intensified health education on malaria incorporated into their schools' curriculum.

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“…It is caused by Plasmodium species. Malaria was observed to be endemic in Nigeria and it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Country (Onwujekwe et al, 2000;FMH, 2001). Cohen et al, (2005) observed an increased prevalence of severe malaria in HIV-infected adults' subjects in South Africa.…”

Section: It Is Caused By Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) (Onyancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Pcv, Cd4+ T cell Counts, ESR and WBC Counts in Malaria Infected Symptomatic HIV (Stage 11) Male HIV/ Aids Subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) In Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria

I.P¹

2012

iosrphr

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Economic burden of malaria illness on households versus that of all other illness episodes: a study in five malaria holo-endemic Nigerian communities

Cited by 97 publications

References 12 publications

Costs of treatment of children affected by severe malaria in reference hospitals of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Costs of treatment of children affected by severe malaria in reference hospitals of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

Social Aspects of Malaria among Students in Two Tertiary Institutions in Lagos, Nigeria

Evaluation of Pcv, Cd4+ T cell Counts, ESR and WBC Counts in Malaria Infected Symptomatic HIV (Stage 11) Male HIV/ Aids Subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) In Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria

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