Economic Complexity and Gender Inequality in Education: An Empirical Study

Saâd, Myriam Ben; Assoumou-Ella, Giscard

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3340913

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The increase in public expenditure on education would thus contribute to reducing gender inequality in education. A result that is close to that found by Ben Saâd and Assoumou‐Ella (2019) confirms our basic hypothesis. This result challenges more than ever the role of governments to fight against gender inequality in education.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this sense, Ben Saâd and Assoumou‐Ella (2019) analyse the effect of economic complexity on the gender parity index in education over the period 1984–2014. Using the generalised method of moments (GMM) developed by Blundell and Bond (1988), the authors find that economic complexity has a positive impact on the parity index at the primary and secondary levels when controlling for the global sample.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of public expenditure on education on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA)

Mbodji

2023

Review of Education

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The study examines the effect of public education expenditures on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa. It covers 25 countries in sub‐Saharan Africa for the period 2010–2019. The generalised method of moments was used. The estimator developed by Blundell and Bond was chosen. The following results are found: (i) public expenditure on education has a positive effect on gender equality in education at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels; (ii) remittances have a negative effect on gender equality in education at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels; (iii) population growth has a negative effect on gender equality in education at the primary and tertiary levels, but at the secondary level, the effect is positive. The main political implication is that sub‐Saharan African countries must continue to invest in inclusive school to ensure gender equality, which remains a goal to be achieved in the region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of public expenditure on education on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA)

Mbodji

2023

Review of Education

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“…Taking a general view, recent studies (Le Caous and Huarng 2020) agree that economic complexity is positively associated with human capital. Ben Saâd and Assoumou‐Ella (2019) provided an interesting finding that economic complexity increased gender equality in education at primary and secondary level, while it increased gender inequality in education at tertiary level in MENA countries. These findings imply that increases in economic complexity might be good for increasing gender equality for unskilled or low‐skilled women workers (i.e., primary and secondary educational level), while it may be a harmful factor for women workers with high skills (i.e., tertiary educational level).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, countries with low levels of economic complexity should consider policies to support low earners, such as raising the minimum wage. More importantly, government expenditure in education for unskilled or low‐skilled workers (who are mostly also low earners) needs to be carried out to fight income inequality (Ben Saâd & Assoumou‐Ella 2019; Lee & Lee 2018). In addition, some special regions such as MENA and SA should be prepared for a rise in income inequality in coming decades when their economic complexity reaches a certain level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic complexity and income inequality: New evidence of a nonlinear effect

Nguyen

Tran

2023

Social Science Quarterly

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Intro: The literature indicates that economic complexity (the geography of economic activities) is an important explanatory factor in income inequality; however, empirical evidence is still inconclusive. This study addresses this gap by considering the nonlinear influence of economic complexity on income inequality. Methods: Panel quantile regression with fixed effects is applied for a global sample of 121 countries from 1995 to 2018, showing robust findings. Results: Economic complexity appears to have an inverted-U-shaped effect on income inequality. That is, economic complexity likely increases income inequality up to a threshold, beyond which economic complexity helps to reduce income inequality. This inverted-U-shaped effect is found consistently in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries, while the opposite effect is found in high-income countries. Evidence of an inverted-U-shaped effect is also documented in most regions except the Middle East & North Africa and South Asia. Interestingly, the study finds that improvements in economic complexity appear to have U-shaped effects on the income share of the bottom earners and inverted-U-shaped effects on the income share of the top earners. Conclusion: These effects explain the inverted-U-shaped effect of economic complexity on income inequality. The results are robust across different quantiles, proxies of income inequality, and various control variables KEYWORDS economic complexity, income inequality, income share, nonlinear effect, panel data JEL CLASSIFICATION D63, O11, O33

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“…Other human-related factors, e.g. human development, sustainability (Le Caous and Huarng, 2020), gender parity (Le Caous and Huarng, 2020; Ben Saâd and Assoumou-Ella, 2019) and countries' health outcomes (Vu, 2020), are positively affected by EC.…”

Section: Papers Classification Based On Their Contributions To the Li...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic complexity and the dynamics of regional competitiveness a systematic review

Bahrami

Shahmoradi

Noori

et al. 2022

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Purpose This study aims to systematically review the economic complexity literature to advance the knowledge on its contribution to building regional competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach In this study, we did a systematic review of 111 relevant papers. In this regard, we did a thematic analysis on all the collected papers, which led to a two-level processed approach. In the first level, the contributions of the reviewed articles have been classified into three main streams. In the second level, the findings under each contribution category are analyzed and explained. This approach led to a thematic network demonstrating economic complexity and the dynamics of regional competitiveness and a set of managerial and policy implications. We followed a multiple processed approach for the systematic review of 95 papers that reveals considerable contributions in three categories, including measurement techniques, criticisms and exploratory studies. Findings Despite some critiques and the undertaken evolution in measurement techniques of complexity, economic complexity has become a well-known method mainly for regions' competitiveness dynamics. Our review demonstrates a nested network of economic complexity dynamics that drives policy advice concerning countries' status in their development path. The provided set of policies includes guidelines for underdeveloped and developing countries and general policy implications, applicable for all regional contexts for building competitiveness dynamics. Originality/value This research contributes to the literature on competitiveness from the window of economic complexity. The study allows a deep understanding of regions' productive structure role in their development and competitiveness. A set of policies for building regional competitiveness is provided concerning the study's findings. The literature gaps are identified, and future research ideas are provided for using economic complexity methodologically and logically to boost regional competitiveness.

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Economic Complexity and Gender Inequality in Education: An Empirical Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of public expenditure on education on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA)

Effects of public expenditure on education on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA)

Economic complexity and income inequality: New evidence of a nonlinear effect

Economic complexity and the dynamics of regional competitiveness a systematic review

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