“…Traditional methods, i.e., lambda iteration [7], have failed to solve such a problem. The ED problem has been solved using nonconventional ways, such as artificial bee colony algorithms (ABC) [8], hybrid grey wolf optimizer algorithms (GWO) [9], genetic algorithms (GA) [10], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [11], moth flame optimization, algorithms (MFA) [12], chameleon swarm algorithm (CSA) [13], firefly algorithms (FA) [14]. Also, the woodpecker mating algorithm (WMA) [15], bald eagle search (BES) algorithm [16], whale optimization algorithm (WOA) [17], and bat-inspired algorithm [18] were also explored to solve the ED problems.…”