Economic Freedom (Fraser Institute and Heritage Foundation)

McMahon, Fred

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_819

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This rating suits the findings of objective indicators where Sweden has the highest Gross Domestic Product [ 73 ], the lowest income inequality [ 74 ] and highest justice index [ 75 ] of the countries under study. Also, the Freedom Index, an objective rating of freedom, of Sweden is high in comparison to other countries, but not as high Spain, U.K. and U.S.A. in the present country sample [ 76 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results correspond not only to higher symptom levels reported in Eastern and Southern European countries in the present study, but also to the lower ratings of subjective macro-level factors. Objective measures of macro-level factors reflect a low Gross Domestic Product in Poland, Russia and Spain [ 73 ], high income inequality and low objective ratings of justice in France, Poland, Russia and Spain [ 74 , 75 ] and low ratings of freedom in Poland and Russia [ 76 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mental distress and perceived wealth, justice and freedom across eight countries: The invisible power of the macrosystem

2018

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Health and well-being have been related to macro-level factors such as income, income inequality or socioeconomic status. With regard to the increasing burden of disease due to mental disorders worldwide, the association between the macrosystem and mental distress should be further explored, too. In this context, the subjective evaluation of the macrosystem might play an important role. In the present exploratory study, we assessed symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress as well as perceived wealth, justice and freedom in population-based surveys in Spain, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States of America (n ≈ 1000 per country). The Swedish sample presented the lowest symptom ratings of depression, anxiety and stress and the highest self-rated health. The results also indicated that the subjective evaluation of the macrosystem matters in respect to mental distress. The complete model, including the control variables country, gender, age and education, and perceived wealth, justice and freedom predicted depression, anxiety and stress symptoms explained 8% of the variance of each symptom cluster. The present results encourage research to consider the macrosystem, and the subjective evaluation of macro-level factors, as a relevant component in biopsychosocial models of mental distress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental distress and perceived wealth, justice and freedom across eight countries: The invisible power of the macrosystem

2018

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“…Institutional quality epitomizes economic freedom grounded on 12 quantitative and qualitative factors such as property rights, judicial effectiveness, government integrity, tax burden, government spending, fiscal health, business freedom, labor freedom, monetary freedom, trade freedom, investment freedom, and financial freedom. According to HEFI, institutional qualities are divided into four main pillars, namely rule of law (property rights, judicial effectiveness, and government integrity), government size (tax burden, government spending, and fiscal health), regulatory efficiency (business freedom, labor freedom, and monetary freedom) and market openness with three indicators; trade freedom, investment freedom, and financial freedom[ 13 , 14 , 99 ]. Both sources of data employed in this study are dependable data sources and thus data used in this study are highly reliable.…”

Section: Methodology Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of government revenue on economic growth of sub-Saharan Africa: Does institutional quality matter?

Ayana,

Demissie,

Sore

2023

PLoS ONE

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Following the approval of sustainable development goals at the global level, the link between fiscal policy, institutional quality, and economic growth has attracted special attention in economic literature. This study scrutinizes the effect of government revenue-institutional quality interaction on the economic growth of 43 Sub-Saharan Africa countries for the period of 2012–2022. Methodology-wise, the study employed the System Generalized Method of Moment (SGMM) to analyze the panel data gained from dependable data sources; the World Development Indicator and the Heritage Economic Freedom Index. The novelty of this study emanates from the estimation technique designated and the introduction of revenue-institutional quality into the economic growth model of SSA. The result of the study reveals that government revenue adversely affects economic growth while institutional quality positively enhances economic growth before interacting with each other. However, the interactive coefficient of government revenue and economic growth positively affected the real GDP growth rate of SSA countries over the study periods. Precisely, before interacting with institutional quality, a percentage change in government revenue, keeping all other things constant, leads to a 0.0866 percent decline in economic growth while it marks a 0.2329 percent upsurge in economic growth in the presence of institutional quality. The result of the study further shows that government revenue promotes the economic growth of the region when combined with institutional quality. On the other hand, foreign direct investment and openness to trade were the key sources of economic growth whereas the population growth rate adversely impacted economic growth in SSA countries. The policy implication of the study is that SSA needs to strengthen government revenue management. Further, the finding of the study implies that SSA countries need to improve institutional quality through promoting efficiency of the regulatory quality and the size of the SSA governments. In addition to this, the fast real GDP growth rate of SSA countries demands improved institutional quality indicators such as the rule of law and extended access to the open market.

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“…Ekonomik özgürlüğün, üzerinde konsensus sağlanmış net bir tanımlaması olmamakla birlikte (Erdal, 2004), bireylerin ekonomik faaliyetlerini hür iradeleri kapsamında gerçekleştirebilmesi, bireylerin sahip oldukları mülkiyetlerini kontrol edebilmeleri ve üzerinde tasarruf yetkisine haiz olabilme hakları olarak ifade edilebilir (Beach ve Miles, 2004;Mushtaq ve Khan, 2018;Heritage, 2022). Bu bağlamda bireylerin hayatlarını idame ettirdiği ekosistemde ilgili piyasa ve düzenleyici aktörlerin emek ve sermaye hareketleri için çizdiği özgürlük çerçevesinde üretim, tüketim ve ticaret faaliyetlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi, paylaşılması veya devredilebilmesi ekonomik özgürlük için önemli kabul edilir (Vukotic ve Baćović, 2006;McMahon, 2014;Brkic, 2020). Bireylerin ekonomik özgürlüğü, baskı, istila, dolandırıcılık veya hırsızlık gibi gayri ahlaki ve etik davranışlarla elde edilen mülkler üzerindeki kullanım, takas veya hibe haklarını ifade etmekten uzaktır (Gwartney ve Lawson, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Güneydoğu Avrupa İş Bi̇rli̇ği̇ Üyesi̇ Ülkelerde Ekonomi̇k Özgürlük Endeksi̇ İle Yurti̇çi̇ Kredi̇ler Arasindaki̇ İli̇şki̇leri̇n Panel Veri̇ Yöntemi̇yle İncelenmesi̇

KAZAK,

KILIÇARSLAN

2023

Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi

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Bu çalışmanın amacı, Güneydoğu Avrupa iş birliği üyesi ülkelerden Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan, Yunanistan, Hırvatistan, Romanya, Slovenya ve Türkiye açısından ekonomik özgürlüklerin özel sektöre yönelik yurtiçi krediler üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmektir. Bu bağlamda, ekonomik özgürlük ve özel sektöre yönelik yurt içi krediler arasındaki ilişkiyi ve yönünü ortaya çıkarmak üzere kesirli frekans esnek Fourier form paneli eşbütünleşme testi ve tek frekanslı panel fourier granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada 1995-2021 dönemi yıllık verileri üzerinden analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ampirik analizler sonucunda, eşbütünleşme testleriyle özel sektöre yönelik yurt içi krediler bağımlı değişkeni ile ekonomik özgürlükler bağımsız değişkeni arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı uzun dönemli ilişki olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Kısa dönemli ilişkinin analiz edildiği Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi sonuçları ise Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan ve Slovenya için ekonomik özgürlükler değişkeninden özel sektöre yönelik yurt içi krediler değişkenine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğunu diğer ülkeler için ise herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olmadığını ortaya koymuştur. Buna göre ekonomik özgürlükler uzun dönemde bankalar tarafından özel sektöre yurt içi kredi tutarını etkilemektedir. Kısa dönemli ilişkilerde ise sadece üç ülke için (Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan ve Slovenya) ekonomik özgürlüklerden özel sektöre yönelik yurt içi krediler değişkenine doğru tek taraflı nedensellik ilişkisi söz konusudur.

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Economic Freedom (Fraser Institute and Heritage Foundation)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Mental distress and perceived wealth, justice and freedom across eight countries: The invisible power of the macrosystem

Mental distress and perceived wealth, justice and freedom across eight countries: The invisible power of the macrosystem

Effect of government revenue on economic growth of sub-Saharan Africa: Does institutional quality matter?

Güneydoğu Avrupa İş Bi̇rli̇ği̇ Üyesi̇ Ülkelerde Ekonomi̇k Özgürlük Endeksi̇ İle Yurti̇çi̇ Kredi̇ler Arasindaki̇ İli̇şki̇leri̇n Panel Veri̇ Yöntemi̇yle İncelenmesi̇

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