Economic growth and obesity: findings of an Obesity Kuznets curve

Grecu, Anca M.; Rotthoff, Kurt W.

doi:10.1080/13504851.2014.955251

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For example, obesity risk between different ethnic groups in the United States was greater in females [30]; and the relationship between education level and obesity was stronger among women, both in developed countries and in developing countries [16]. In addition, it was reported that girls are more influenced by parental practice than boys, and parental control was more significant among overweight or obese girls, which was not observed among boys of the same weight groups [27,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Parental Education and Household Wealth on Children’s Obesity Risk

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Parents’ education and household wealth cannot be presumed to operate independently of each other. However, in traditional studies on the impact of social inequality on obesity, education and financial wealth tend to be viewed as separable processes. The present study examines the interaction of parents’ education and household wealth in relation to childhood obesity. Anthropometric measurement and questionnaire surveys were carried out on 3670 children (aged 9–12 years) and their parents from 26 elementary schools in northeast China. Results showed that the interaction term was significant for household wealth and father’s education (p < 0.01), while no significant interaction between household wealth and mother’s education was found. In a separate analysis, the interaction was statistically significant among girls for obesity risk based on BMI (p = 0.02), and among urban children for both obesity risk based on BMI (p = 0.01) and abdominal obesity risk based on WHR (p = 0.03). Specifically, when household wealth increased from the first quintile to the fifth quintile, OR for father’s education decreased from higher than 1 (OR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.12–3.38) to non-significant for girl’s obesity risk, from non-significant to lower than 1 for urban children’s obesity risk (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.32–0.86 for the fourth quintile; OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.19–0.73 for the fifth quintile) and from higher than 1 (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.04–2.05) to non-significant for urban children’s abdominal obesity risk. These findings indicate that father’s education level interacts with household wealth to influence obesity among girls and urban children in northeast China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Parental Education and Household Wealth on Children’s Obesity Risk

Liu

Jiang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…The association between national income and adult obesity prevalence PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone. leads to higher nutrient intake [8]. Further, an increase in population incomes is typically accompanied by a "nutrition transition" (involving substantial shifts in how food is grown, processed, distributed and consumed) [13], and a simultaneous "physical activity transition" (in which shifts from agrarian to industrial and white-collar occupations result in an increase in physical inactivity) [13,14], which exacerbate the effect of income on individuals' likelihood of being obese.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as incomes increase beyond a certain level, individuals' knowledge about the health benefits of proper weight [15] and their ability to invest in their personal health, for example, through purchasing healthier foods and investing in physical activities (e.g. gym memberships) would increase [8]. This in turn could mitigate or even reverse the effect of individuals' incomes on their likelihood of being obese.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a national level, economic affluence has been found to have a positive association with obesity [7,8]. While economic growth has, throughout history, been one of the biggest positive influences on public health, the rise in global obesity levels that has accompanied rising global income [5] represents a potential negative externality-a case of a desirable societal goal (economic growth and development) being related to an undesirable societal outcome (increase in obesity and its consequences).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between national income and adult obesity prevalence: Empirical insights into temporal patterns and moderators of the association using 40 years of data across 147 countries

Talukdar¹,

Seenivasan²,

Cameron³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Background At a country level, population obesity prevalence is often associated with economic affluence, reflecting a potential adverse outcome concomitant with economic growth. We estimated the pattern and strength of the empirically observed relationship between national income and adult obesity prevalence, and the moderating role of countries' macro-environments on this relationship. Methods We assembled data on national obesity prevalence, income and a range of variables that characterize macro-environments related to 147 countries from multiple international organizations and databases. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the relationship (elasticities) between national income (using Gross Domestic Product Per Capita, GDPPC) and adult obesity prevalence, and the moderating effects of five different dimensions (globalization orientation, demographic characteristics, economic environment, labor market characteristics, and strength of health policies) of countries' macro-environments on the income elasticities. Using the latest (2019-2024) available national income growth projections from the International Monetary Fund, we forecast future global trends in obesity prevalence. Findings Over the 40-years 1975-2014, adult obesity prevalence increased at a declining rate with GDPPC across the 147 countries. The mean income elasticity estimates were 1.23 (95% credible interval 1.04-1.42) for males and 1.01 (0.82-1.18) for females. The elasticities were positively associated with the extent of political globalization and negatively associated

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“…Given the strong association between income and health, one would expect health related income inequalities to exhibit a Kuznets’ curve, but perhaps with significant differences across countries depending on institutional set-up and policy reactions to health inequalities. Some earlier research focusing in developing countries, draws upon the body mass index (BMI) and calorie consumption as an indicator of wellbeing and fails to find evidence of a Kuznets’ curve (Sahn and Younger 2009) (Haddad et al 1995) as well as obesity (Grecu and Rotthoff 2015a, b). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Health ‘Kuznets’ Curve’? Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evidence on Concentration Indices’

2017

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The distribution of income related health inequalities appears to exhibit changing patterns when both developing countries and developed countries are examined. This paper tests for the existence of a health Kuznets’ curve; that is, an inverse U-shape pattern between economic developments (as measured by GDP per capita) and income-related health inequalities (as measured by concentration indices). We draw upon both cross sectional (the World Health Survey) and a long longitudinal (the European Community Household Panel survey) dataset. Our results suggest evidence of a health Kuznets’ curve on per capita income. We find a polynomial association where inequalities decline when GDP per capita reaches a magnitude ranging between $26,000 and $38,700. That is, income-related health inequalities rise with GDP per capita, but tail off once a threshold level of economic development has been attained.

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Economic growth and obesity: findings of an Obesity Kuznets curve

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

Interaction between Parental Education and Household Wealth on Children’s Obesity Risk

Interaction between Parental Education and Household Wealth on Children’s Obesity Risk

The association between national income and adult obesity prevalence: Empirical insights into temporal patterns and moderators of the association using 40 years of data across 147 countries

A Health ‘Kuznets’ Curve’? Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Evidence on Concentration Indices’

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