Economic Impact of Grapevine Leafroll Disease onVitis viniferacv. Cabernet franc in Finger Lakes Vineyards of New York

Abstract

Leafroll disease is one of the most important virus diseases of grapevines worldwide. It reduces yields, delays fruit ripening, reduces soluble solids, and increases titratable acidity in fruit juice. This study uses a net present value (NPV) approach over a 25-year lifespan of a vineyard to examine the economic impact of grapevine leafroll disease (GLRD) on Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet franc in Finger Lakes vineyards of New York. It identifies optimal disease control options under several scenarios of disease prevalence, yield reduction, and fruit quality effects. The estimated economic impact of GLRD ranges from approximately $25,000 (for a 30% yield reduction and no grape quality penalty) to $40,000 (for a 50% yield reduction and a 10% penalty for poor fruit quality) per hectare in the absence of any control measure. The per hectare impact of GLRD can be substantially reduced to $3,000-$23,000 through roguing if levels of disease prevalence are moderate (1-25%). With disease prevalence levels greater than 25%, replacing the entire vineyard is the optimal response, yielding economic losses of ~$25,000/ ha. Furthermore, the use of vines derived from certified, virus-tested stocks in replant sites is predicted to keep the costs associated with GLRD infection to ~$1,800/ha. No intervention appears to be economically optimal when (1) infection levels are high (>25%), yield reduction is moderate (<30%), and no price penalty is enforced or (2) when GLRD is transmitted through vectors after year 19. These findings are valuable to construct integrated decision matrices for vineyard managers to devise profit-maximizing disease control strategies and to create incentives for extended uses of clean, virus-tested planting material.

Disease progression of vector-mediated Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 infection of mature plants under commercial vineyard conditions

“…Decline in crop quality can be expected during the same growing season in which symptoms first appear, which may influence roguing strategies based on economic models (e.g. Atallah et al 2012;Ricketts et al 2015).…”

“…GLRaV-3 can cause interveinal reddening and downward rolling in red berried grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.), inhibits photosynthesis, decreases vine lifespan, and reduces fruit yield and quality (Almeida et al 2013). GLRaV-3 is one of the most common and detrimental viruses of grapevines, and has led to economic losses of 25 % or more (Atallah et al 2012;Cabaleiro et al 2013;Ricketts et al 2015). Spread of GLRaV-3 in vineyards and vector-borne transmission in controlled laboratory studies were first documented in South Africa (Engelbrecht and Kasdorf 1990), and since then GLRaV-3 spread in vineyards and transmission by several mealybug species have been documented in wine growing regions worldwide (Cabaleiro and Segura 1997;Charles et al 2009;Golino et al 2008;Habili 1995;Le Maguet et al 2012;Tsai et al 2008).…”

Genetic diversity and recombination analysis of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 from China

“…Grapevine leafroll disease (GLD), one of most important viral diseases of grapevines worldwide, can lead to considerable reductions in the yield and fruit quality of some susceptible grapevine cultivars [4,12,19]. The symptoms of GLD are frequently observed in major grapevine cultivars in grape-producing areas.…”

Desempenho agronômico de videiras com e sem sintomas de viroses, e comparação molecular de isolados virais

“…O impacto econômico das viroses sobre a produção da videira pode ser significativamente reduzido pela remoção de plantas infectadas de dentro do vinhedo (roguing), se a incidência da infecção for moderada (até 25%) (Atallah et al, 2012). Com incidência superior a esta taxa, a melhor alternativa seria a completa substituição do vinhedo.…”