Economic impact of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying drugs in an employed population: direct and indirect costs

Adherence and persistence among multiple sclerosis patients after one immunomodulatory therapy failure: Retrospective claims analysis

“…18 Other studies of DMT adherence have reported better quality of life, less emergency room and inpatient utilization, lower direct medical costs, and lower indirect costs attributable to productivity loss and disability leave for adherent patients compared with non-adherent patients. [18][19][20][21][22] Despite these important results, observational research has also shown that patient adherence to DMTs is suboptimal. Studies of self-reported adherence to IFNβ preparations or GA, in which adherence was defined as no missed doses during a 4 or 8-week period, showed that adherence ranged from 40%-75%.…”

Economic Burden of Undiagnosed Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation in the United States

“…Incremental per capita cost burden was greater for patients aged 18 The incremental AF burden per capita was greater for women compared to men, and inpatient cost was the key driver of additional AF-related cost ( Table 2).…”

Perspectives for Managed Care Organizations on the Burden of Multiple Sclerosis and the Cost-Benefits of Disease-Modifying Therapies

“…7,16,18,19 One such U.S. study of employees with MS and at least 1 DMT claim versus untreated employees with MS found that the risk-adjusted total annual medical costs ($4,393 vs. $6,187; P < 0.001) and indirect costs ($2,252 vs. $3,053; P < 0.001) were significantly lower for employees with at least 1 DMT claim. 43 With regard to differences between DMTs in MS-associated absenteeism, Brook et al (2009) found that patients receiving IM IFNβ-1a had lower sick-leave costs ($969 vs. $523, respectively; P = 0.047) and fewer sick-leave days (2.98 vs. 7.18 days, respectively; P = 0.01) versus those receiving GA. 81 Similarly, Rajagopalan et al (2011) reported that patients treated with IM IFNβ-1a demonstrated a significant improvement in the number of missed work days, with a decrease of 1.3 days (from 5.6 to 4.3 days) versus an increase of 2 days (from 2.3 to 4.3 days), in GA-treated patients (P < 0.05). 38 Only patients receiving IM IFNβ-1a showed a reduction in sick-leave absence days with therapy, while sick leave increased with SC IFNβ-1a, IFNβ-1b, and GA.…”