It is generally believed that when trade costs fall, the origin‐based production taxes are superior to the destination‐based consumption taxes under imperfect competition. This result can be justified from a perspective of purely local pollution when considering a production‐type externality. However, we show that with smaller trade costs, the destination‐based consumption taxes tend to generate greater welfare levels than the origin‐based production taxes when the degree of a production‐type transboundary externality is high enough, contrary to general belief.