Economic Issues in Promoting Sustainable Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of the Rice‐Shrimp System in the Mekong Delta

Brennan, Donna C.; Clayton, Helena; Preston, Nigel P.; Be, Tran Thanh

doi:10.1002/9780470277850.ch9

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Studies in extensive shrimp ponds have found low primary productivity, as a result of the high turbidity reducing light availability (Alongi, Dixon, Johnston, Tien & Xuan 1999; Johnston et al 2002). Turbid water enters the pond system during water exchanges and the resulting build‐up of sediments is environmentally and ecologically unsustainable (Brennan et al 2002). However, reducing the turbidity of the water may result in other water quality problems, for example, excessive growth of benthic filamentous algae can cause hypoxia and fouling the gills of shrimp thereby negatively affecting shrimp growth and survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominant sources of dietary carbon and nitrogen for shrimp reared in extensive rice-shrimp ponds

et al. 2004

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Stable isotope analysis was used to determine the sources of dietary nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) for shrimp during the rearing phase in extensive riceshrimp ponds in My Xuyen and Gia Rai districts,Vietnam. Farm-made feed was added as a food source in shrimp ponds in My Xuyen district, and based on stable isotope analyses, was generally a poor dietary source. The commercial formulated feed used in Gia Rai also appeared to contribute little directly to the nutritional needs of the shrimp. In contrast, the natural biota in all ponds appeared to contribute substantially. In particular, biota from beam trawls and benthic organic matter were the most likely sources of nutrition in My Xuyen ponds, while benthic organic matter was the main source in Gia Rai ponds. d 15 N ratios in the natural biota in My Xuyen farms decreased over the growing season, suggesting increased N ¢xation in the case of the benthic organic matter reaching values as low as1m. This suggests Nlimitation in the ponds and that natural biota become increasingly dependent on N ¢xed by algae and/or other microorganisms. There is the potential to promote the growth of the plankton and hence, the other natural biota, by the judicious addition of fertilizer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adoption of shrimp as a second crop in the dry season has resulted in significant income gains for some farmers (Tran et al 1999; Brennan, Clayton & Tran 2000). In 2000, 10 000 t of shrimp were produced from 40 000 ha of rice‐shrimp farms in Vietnam (Brennan, Preston, Clayton & Tran 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant sources of dietary carbon and nitrogen for shrimp reared in extensive rice-shrimp ponds

et al. 2004

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“…However, during the dry season, freshwater input is low; besides this, intense evaporation occurs. As a result, the dry season aquatic environment is characterized by (1) strong accumulation of organic material (as it is not flushed out to sea by freshwater), and (2) significant salt intrusion (for over 6 months ( Brennan et al, 2002 )). The area has three soil groups: (i) fluvisols (alluvial land) cover 44,234.04 ha (54.0%), (ii) thionic fluvisols (acid sulphate soils) cover 33,309.20 ha (40.69%) and (iii) salic fluvisols (alkaline soils) cover 4,318.78 ha (5.28%) ( Sub‐Institute of Geography in Ho Chi Minh City, 2001 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Pollution and Salt Intrusion in Cai Nuoc District, Ca Mau Province, Vietnam

Truong¹,

Vromant²,

Hung³

et al. 2006

Water Environment Research

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In Ca Mau, Vietnam, farmers converted from rice to shrimp farming, while ignoring the degradation of the aquatic environment. We assessed the seasonal variations in organic pollution of the surface water and salt intrusion in one district and assessed the difference in chemical characteristics of the surface water of shrimp ponds and canals. Several variables reflecting salinity and organic pollution were measured in the wet and dry season. The results show that in the dry season salinity increased to 37.36-42.73 g l 21 and COD and suspended solids increased to a maximum of 268.7 mg l 21 and 1312.0 mg l 21 , respectively. In the wet season salinity values of 8.16 to 10.60 g l 21 were recorded, indicating that salinity could no longer be washed out completely in this season. It is concluded that salinity and suspended solids in the aquatic environment in the Cai Nuoc district are increased by shrimp monoculture, whereas organic pollution is contributed by human population pressure. Water Environ. Res., 78, 716 (2006).

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“…This system is subject to low and unstable shrimp yields (Hens, Vromant, Tho & Hung 2009). While other shrimp farming systems in the Mekong Delta are well documented (Alongi, Tirendi & Trott 1999; Vuong & Lin 2001; Brennan, Preston, Clayton & Be 2002; Clough, Johnston, Xuan, Phillips, Pednekar, Thien, Dan & Thong 2002; Preston & Clayton 2003), little is known about the improved extensive shrimp farming system. While the physico‐chemical condition of the cultured ponds plays a vital role in the growth of shrimps (Haws & Boyd 2001; Hena Abu, Sharifuzzaman, Hishamuddin, Misri & Abdullah 2008), whether pond water and sediment in this system is optimal for shrimps remains unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical characteristics of the improved extensive shrimp farming system in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

Truong

Út

Merckx

2011

Aquaculture Research

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Consecutive failure of the improved extensive shrimp farming system has deterred the economy of some coastal areas in Vietnam. To investigate pond physicochemical characteristics, a monitoring scheme was performed in the Cai Nuoc district of Southern Vietnam. Results show that the system was not optimal for shrimps.While ponds were not contaminated by organic loadings or major nutrients (N, P) and salinity and pH were most optimal for shrimp, more than 37% of dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements were lower than recommended. In the early morning hours, DO measurements were even much lower (0.84^2.20 mg L À 1 ). Sulphate (SO 4 2 À ) concentrations were most within the acceptable range. Total suspended solids (TSS) were above the acceptable limit (o50 mg L À 1 ). Iron, alkalinity and hydrogen sulphide were also higher than recommended. Pond sediment was anaerobic (redox potential À 422 to À 105 mV) and contained high amounts of organic matter (9.842 1.96%). Lethal DO levels, high TSS and anoxic sediment are the drawbacks in this system. Suggested measures to improve pond conditions are (1) allowing sedimentation before ¢lling culture ponds, (2) covering dikes, (3) including no-culture breaks between shrimp crops, (4) drying pond bottom, (5) removing sediment and (6) controlling pond's vegetation.

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Economic Issues in Promoting Sustainable Shrimp Farming: A Case Study of the Rice‐Shrimp System in the Mekong Delta

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Dominant sources of dietary carbon and nitrogen for shrimp reared in extensive rice-shrimp ponds

Dominant sources of dietary carbon and nitrogen for shrimp reared in extensive rice-shrimp ponds

Organic Pollution and Salt Intrusion in Cai Nuoc District, Ca Mau Province, Vietnam

Physico-chemical characteristics of the improved extensive shrimp farming system in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

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