Economic Losses of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Based on Business Characteristics and Regional Policies in Indonesia and Japan

Abstract

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a strategic disease in cloven-hoofed animals according to the World Organisation for Animal Health or Office International Des Epizooties (OIE). The last case of the spread of FMD in Indonesia occurred in 2022 and Japan in 2010. This research aims to determine the value of economic losses based on the conditions of beef and dairy cattle farms in two regions, namely East Java Province and Miyazaki Prefecture based on the consideration that they are cattle production centers. SWOT analysis is used to support a description of the condition of internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) of animal husbandry in two countries. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively. Primary and secondary data were collected from July to September 2023. The results showed that economic losses due to FMD in cattle in Miyazaki Prefecture amounted to USD 775,184.77/farmer (beef cattle and dairy cattle), higher than losses in East Java province with USD 2,508.27/farmer for dairy cattle and USD 2,747.26/farmer for beef cattle. The high economic losses per farmer in Miyazaki are related to the characteristics of the number of livestock ownership and price of each animal. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the main weaknesses in East Java are limited facilities, budget, and livestock mobility conditions but the support of the central government and human resources supports the success of the FMD handling policy. In Miyazaki, policy support is dominated by facilities, human resources, and a strong budget even though there were problems with time accuracy in the initial case of FMD.

Evaluation of Artificial Insemination Success of Crossbred Friesian Holstein Cow After Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak

“…The 2007 outbreak cost the public and private sectors € 146 million and € 68 million, respectively, while the UK, which was hit the hardest, suffered an estimated loss of € 5 billion (Anderson, 2008;Feng et al, 2017). Furthermore, calculations using economic parameters in East Java (one of the provinces in Indonesia) in the dairy cattle sector reached IDR 38,892,688 or USD 2,508.27 per farmer (Kusumastuti et al, 2024). Transmission of FMD occurs through contact with infected animals and contaminated objects (Yano et al, 2018).…”