Economic-related inequalities in hepatitis B virus infection among 115.8 million pregnant women in China from 2013 to 2020

Wang, Xiaoyan; Liu, Jue; Wang, Qian; Qiao, Yaping; Jin, Xi; Li, Zhixin; Yan, Wenxin; Du, Min; Jing, Wenzhan; Wang, Ailing; M, Liu

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101465

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…13 Our study revealed HBV to be associated with lower family income group and people consuming domestic drinking water source, which is consistent with existing literature. [31][32][33] Mean bilirubin, serum ALT, AST, ALKP and creatinine were also increased significantly in case of HBV infection which is consistent with existing literature. 34 However, different local food habits existing within this region cannot be strongly associated with the occurrence of the disease (data added in Table S1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Altered expression of endosomal Toll‐like receptors and HBeAg seropositivity may act synergistically towards the vertical transmission of HBV

Kalita

Hazarika

et al. 2023

American J Rep Immunol

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Problem Hepatitis B is one of the leading causes of mortality in India. Despite the mass vaccination programme, the burden of the infection is still increasing due to its vertical transmission. Asymptomatic nature of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection owing to immune tolerance among pregnant women is a major issue in this regard. Method of study As such, this study aims to investigate the potential role of altered Toll‐like receptor (TLR) expression (TLR‐3, 7 and 9) along with peripheral blood HBeAg status in attaining differential cord blood (CB) HBV DNA status. Result Expression analysis reveals an overall downregulation of expression with mean ± SD value 1.14 ± 1.05, 0.86 ± 0.5 and 0.71 ± 0.4 (TLR 3, 7 and 9, respectively) upon comparison with healthy women. Further stratification based on CB HBV DNA status; the downregulation of expression was found to be significantly (p < .05) associated with positive CB HBV DNA status apart from peripheral HBeAg status. One hundred percent HBeAg positive parturiting women exhibit positive CB HBV DNA. Pearson's correlation analysis reveals a positive correlation between CB HBV DNA status and altered TLR expression, HBeAg status and mother HBV DNA status and as such can be associated with the potential risk of HBV vertical transmission. Conclusion This study suggests that the downregulation of TLR 3, 7 and 9 may be a risk factor for potential vertical transmission of HBV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Altered expression of endosomal Toll‐like receptors and HBeAg seropositivity may act synergistically towards the vertical transmission of HBV

Kalita

Hazarika

et al. 2023

American J Rep Immunol

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“…Conversely, if the concentration index is a positive value, it indicates that infectious diseases are more concentrated among rich people (pro‐poor). 24 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and disparities in 44 national notifiable infectious diseases in China: An analysis of national surveillance data from 2010 to 2019

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Research assessing the changing epidemiology of infectious diseases in China after the implementation of new healthcare reform in 2009 was scarce. We aimed to get the latest trends and disparities of national notifiable infectious diseases by age, sex, province, and season in China from 2010 to 2019. The number of incident cases and deaths, incidence rate, and mortality of 44 national notifiable infectious diseases by sex, age groups, and provincial regions from 2010 to 2019 were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and official reports and divided into six kinds of infectious diseases by transmission routes and three classes (A–C) in this descriptive study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the temporal trends of incidence and mortality rate. We calculated the concentration index to measure economic‐related inequality. Segmented interrupted time‐series analysis was used to estimate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the epidemic of notifiable infectious diseases. The trend of incidence rate on six kinds of infectious diseases by transmission routes was stable, while only mortality of sexual, blood‐borne, and mother‐to‐child‐borne infectious diseases increased from 0.6466 per 100 000 population in 2010 to 1.5499 per 100 000 population in 2019 by 8.76% per year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.88–10.68). There was a decreasing trend of incidence rate on Class‐A infectious diseases (EAPC = −16.30%; 95% CI: −27.93 to −2.79) and Class‐B infectious diseases (EAPC = −1.05%; 95% CI: −1.56 to −0.54), while an increasing trend on Class‐C infectious diseases (EAPC = 6.22%; 95% CI: 2.13–10.48). For mortality, there was a decreasing trend on Class‐C infectious diseases (EAPC = −14.76%; 95% CI: −23.46 to −5.07), and an increasing trend on Class‐B infectious diseases (EAPC = 4.56%; 95% CI: 2.44–6.72). In 2019, the infectious diseases with the highest incidence rate and mortality were respiratory diseases (340.95 per 100 000 population), and sexual, blood‐borne, and mother‐to‐child‐borne infectious diseases (1.5459 per 100 000 population), respectively. The greatest increasing trend of incidence rate was observed in seasonal influenza, from 4.83 per 100 000 population in 2010 to 253.36 per 100 000 population in 2019 by 45.16% per year (95% CI: 29.81–62.33), especially among females and children aged 0–4 years old. The top disease with the highest mortality was still AIDs, which had the highest average yearly mortality in 24 provinces from 2010 to 2019, and its incidence rate (EAPC = 14.99%; 95% CI: 8.75–21.59) and mortality (EAPC = 9.65; 95%CI: 7.71–11.63) both increased from 2010 to 2019, especially among people aged 44–59 years old and 60 or older. Male incidence rate and mortality were higher than females each year from 2010 to 2018 on 29 and 10 infectious diseases, respectively. Additionally, sex differences in the incidence and mortality of AIDS were becoming larger. The curve lay above the equality line, with the negative value of...

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“…In mainland China, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among pregnant women was estimated at 6.27% from 2013 to 2020. 1 Infection with HBV has been linked to a higher risk of miscarriage and preterm birth in natural pregnancies. 2 However, its effects on assisted reproductive technology, especially freeze-thaw embryo transfer (FET), are uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant global public health challenge. In mainland China, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among pregnant women was estimated at 6.27% from 2013 to 2020 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Pregnancy Outcomes of Freeze-Thaw Embryo Transfer

et al. 2023

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Economic-related inequalities in hepatitis B virus infection among 115.8 million pregnant women in China from 2013 to 2020

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Altered expression of endosomal Toll‐like receptors and HBeAg seropositivity may act synergistically towards the vertical transmission of HBV

Altered expression of endosomal Toll‐like receptors and HBeAg seropositivity may act synergistically towards the vertical transmission of HBV

Trends and disparities in 44 national notifiable infectious diseases in China: An analysis of national surveillance data from 2010 to 2019

Maternal Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Pregnancy Outcomes of Freeze-Thaw Embryo Transfer

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