Economic strain, parental education and psychotic experiences among college students in the United States: Findings from the Healthy Minds Study 2020

Abstract

Aim: Socioeconomic status (SES) is linked to psychosis, and much can be learned by examining how various indicators of SES-specifically economic strain and intergenerational transfer of resources-are related to sub-threshold psychotic experiences among college students.Methods: Using data from the Healthy Minds Survey (September 2020-December 2020), we used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations between five SES indicators and 12-month psychotic experiences, adjusting for age, gender and race/ethnicity. We also examined the count of predictors and psychotic experiences.Results: Each indicator of economic strain was associated with greater odds of psychotic experiences. In particular, increasing levels of financial stress (current, childhood and pandemic-related) were associated with greater odds of psychotic experiences in a dose-response fashion. Food insecurity was associated with double the odds of psychotic experiences. In terms of intergenerational transfer of resources, having either one or no parents who attended college was associated with significantly greater odds of having psychotic experiences, when compared with having both parents who attended college. Examining all predictors in the same model, only childhood and current financial stress and food insecurity were significantly associated with psychotic experiences. The count of predictors was significantly associated with greater odds of having psychotic experiences in a dose-dependent fashion.Conclusions: Among college students, economic strain and intergenerational transfer of resources were associated with recent psychotic experiences, highlighting the importance of economic interventions targeting young adults to influence risk for psychosis.

Ethnoracial Risk Variation Across the Psychosis Continuum in the US

“…Of the studies that assessed PSs and PEs by ethnoracial status, 12 were from general population, 9 from US colleges, and 8 from clinical or mixed clinical and community samples …”

“…For PSs/PEs as the outcome, 7 studies from general population, 8 studies from college, and 4 studies from clinical/community samples were included in the meta-analyses. We found significantly increased standardized mean levels or proportion of PSs/PEs for Black (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.16) and Latinx (pooled SMD, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.08-0.22) vs White individuals; and for Black vs Latinx and Asian individuals (Table 3).…”

The association of social inequality with the onset and persistence of psychotic experiences and progression along the extended psychosis phenotype: A six-year follow-up study in a community-based sample

“…The education level of parents and the SES at birth are meanly used as indicators of early social disadvantages [29]. These indicators are associated with sub-clinical PEs and psychotic disorders [48,49].…”

Food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

“…Eighty one percent of studies were published from 2017 onwards (Bergmans & Wegryn-Jones, 2020;Compton & Ku, 2022;Jih et al, 2020;Lachaud et al, 2020;Michels et al, 2022;Mucheru et al, 2017;Myers et al, 2019;Nouri Saeidlou et al, 2021;Oh et al, 2021;Park et al, 2022;Teasdale et al, 2020;Tomita et al, 2019;Tripodi et al, 2021), with 37.5% being published from 2021 (Compton & Ku, 2022;Michels et al, 2022;Nouri Saeidlou et al, 2021;Oh et al, 2021;Park et al, 2022;Tripodi et al, 2021).…”

“…Fifty six percent (n = 9) were published in the USA (Bergmans & Wegryn-Jones, 2020;Bettigole et al, 1997;Beydoun & Wang, 2010;Compton & Ku, 2022;Jih et al, 2020;Michels et al, 2022;Myers et al, 2019;Oh et al, 2021;Park et al, 2022) and 18.8% (n = 3) were from Australia (Mucheru et al, 2017;Teasdale et al, 2020;Tripodi et al, 2021). Two studies (12.5%) were from Canada (Lachaud et al, 2020;Vozoris & Tarasuk, 2003) et al, 2019).…”