Economic viability for residential battery storage systems in grid‐connected PV plants

Abstract

Today's residential battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are off the shelf products used to increase the selfconsumption of residential photovoltaic (PV) plants and to reduce the losses related to energy transfer in distribution grids. This work investigates the economic viability of adding a BESS to a residential grid-connected PV plant by using a methodology for optimising the size of the BESS. The identification of the optimal size which minimises the total cost of the system is not trivial; indeed, it is a trade-off between OPEX and CAPEX, which are mainly affected by the battery technology, usage profile, expected lifetime, and efficiency. Here, an analysis of the opportunity to install a storage system together with a grid-connected residential PV plant is performed. Three typical low-voltage prosumers (Italy, Switzerland, and the UK) are investigated in order to take into account the different legislative and tariff framework over Europe. Numerical results reported here show that present costs of storages are still too high to allow an economic convenience of the storage installation. Moreover, an indication of the necessary incentives to allow the spreading of these systems is given.

Bilevel optimization framework for impact analysis of DR on optimal accommodation of PV and BESS in distribution system

“…It is equal to the sum of responsive and nonresponsive demand at any time T. Equation 16 represents the scheduling constraints of responsive demand without affecting the total energy requirement of complete day. Equation 17 represents the minimum and maximum value of scheduling of the responsive demand. Equation 18 represents the maximum value of responsive demand based on considered penetration of DR.…”

“…Nowadays, battery energy storage systems (BESS) is considered as one of the potential solutions to accommodate the high penetration of nondispatchable DGs in DS . Extensive research has been carried out on the capacity optimization of BESS to support high level of DG penetration.…”

“…In Zheng et al, benefits of DSO are maximized by optimally finding the size and location of BESS. Other notable work on optimal allocation of BESS includes maximization of the energy arbitrage profits, minimization of power loss, maximization of DGs owner benefits, and minimization of investment and operation cost . In Paliwal et al, the effects of optimal allocation and operation of BESS are analyzed on hybrid power system consisting of wind, hydro plants with battery storage.…”

“…Nowadays, battery energy storage systems (BESS) is considered as one of the potential solutions to accommodate the high penetration of nondispatchable DGs in DS. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Extensive research has been carried out on the capacity optimization of BESS to support high level of DG penetration. It is observed that considerable efforts are toward finding optimal capacity of BESS for a system without the concern of its location.…”

“…Other notable work on optimal allocation of BESS includes maximization of the energy arbitrage profits, 14 minimization of power loss, 15 maximization of DGs owner benefits, 16 and minimization of investment and operation cost. 17 In Paliwal et al, 18 the effects of optimal allocation and operation of BESS are analyzed on hybrid power system consisting of wind, hydro plants with battery storage. The effect of network reconfiguration on the sizes and location of BESS is studied in Abbasi and Hosseini and Nick et al 19,20 However, BESS is still an expensive choice for DSO as it adds extra investment and operational cost into the system.…”