Economics of off-shore/on-shore wind energy systems in Qatar

Marafia, A-Hamid; Ashour, Hamdy A.

doi:10.1016/s0960-1481(03)00060-0

Cited by 73 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As we can see in Figure 1, world wind map at 80m high, into a wind speed scale from 3-9 m.s -1 , there are some regions on the globe (RETScreen® International Clean Energy Decision Support Centre, 2009). When it is necessary take into account the wind resources as an initial input or datum for wind farms economic evaluation, researchers as Marafia and Ashour (2003), Archer and Jacobson (2005), Arslan (2010), Ahmed (2011), Oliveira (2010b, Gökçek and Genç (2009) show that a wind speed range starting from 3m.s -1 as a minimum wind speed for wind power project gives economic returns to the investor. Wind energy projects are generally as more as financially viable in "windy" sites.…”

Section: ) "30% Of the 173000 Tw Of Solar Radiation Incident On Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Wind Energy Market, Industry and Economic Impacts

Oliveira¹,

Fernandes²

2012

EER

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This paper presents the global status of wind energy in order to establish a context for understanding the contemporary wind energy industry. It is discussed wind resources worldwide with the global wind distribution and mains concerns and how wind resources worldwide are spread globally. The world wind energy market outlook is shown; especially emphasis is given on global wind energy market by production side, wind energy converters manufacturers and economic impacts from wind energy industry on economy which it is devoted special attention to the job creation by wind energy industry.

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Section: ) "30% Of the 173000 Tw Of Solar Radiation Incident On Eartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Wind Energy Market, Industry and Economic Impacts

Oliveira¹,

Fernandes²

2012

EER

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“…These were selected on the assumption that an appropriate condition monitoring task is available to detect incipient dominant failure modes (that occur gradually with warning signs and are independent of age) so that actions can be taken to avoid the resultant consequences. [2][3][4][5][6]. Catastrophic failures of critical components such as the blades, main bearings and shaft, gearbox and associated components, the generator and associated components, towers and foundations should therefore be detectable and prevented through the application of appropriate CBM activities.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selection of a Suitable Maintenance Strategy for Wind Turbines

et al. 2006

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Common maintenance strategies applied to wind turbines include 'Time-Based' which involves carrying out maintenance tasks at predetermined regular-intervals and 'FailureBased' which entails using a wind turbine until it fails. However, the consequence of failure of critical components limits the adequacy of these strategies to support the current commercial drivers of the wind industry. Reliability-Centred Maintenance (RCM) is a technique used mostly to select appropriate maintenance strategies for physical assets. In this paper, a hybrid of an RCM approach and Asset Life-Cycle Analysis technique is applied to Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines to identify possible failure modes, causes and the resultant effects on system operation. The failure consequences of critical components are evaluated and expressed in financial terms. Suitable Condition-Based Maintenance activities are identified and assessed over the life-cycle of wind turbines to maximise the return on investment in wind farms. 1INTRODUCTION Wind is becoming one of the fastest growing energy sources in many countries seeking to mitigate the effects of global warming and reduce dependency on imported fuels. Very significant financial investments have been made in developing wind farms and the associated grid connection facilities all over the world. Indeed, the wind industry in 2005 spent more than US$14 billion on installing new generating equipment [1]. Progressively, world generated wind energy has now increased to about 59,322 MW [1] from 2,000 MW in 1990 [2] with an annual average growth rate of 26 percent [3]. With this growth has come the need to improve the productivity of wind turbines and to maximise the return on investment in wind farms. Successful future development will require maintenance strategies that are appropriate (technically feasible and economically viable over the lifecycle of wind turbines), given that, "the net revenue from a wind farm is the revenue generated from sale of electricity less operation and maintenance (O&M) expenditure" [4] This paper discusses the current maintenance strategies for wind turbines and identifies the associated problems. The concept and relevance of Reliability Centred Maintenance (RCM) and Asset Life-Cycle Analysis (ALCA) techniques to the wind energy industry are discussed and a Failure Modes and Effects Analysis of a generic horizontal axis wind turbine are presented. A case study is presented to demonstrate the practical application of the hybrid RCM and ALCA to determine suitable Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) activities for a 26x600 kW wind farm. The commercial viability of the CBM activities is assessed using the ALCA technique taking into account geographical location, intermittent operation and value of generation. Non-financial factors are identified and assessed using a Weighted Evaluation (WE) technique. Uncertainties in the financial calculations are risk assessed using a probabilistic technique of the Crystal Ball Monte Carlo simulation. 2RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Wind turbines ...

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“…Several studies have been carried out on the technical and economical assessment of offshore/on-shore wind farms [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Pantaleo et al [2] have concluded that large wind farm investments present internal rate of return (IRR) value of 27%, in the technical and economical feasibility study of off-shore wind farms in the Region of Puglia, Italia.…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study of wind farms: A case study for Izmir, Turkey

Özerdem

Ozer

Tosun

2006

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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Wind is one of the world's fastest growing renewable energy sources. The rapid growth in wind power is a result of improvements accomplished in technology. This paper presents the technical and economical feasibility of wind farms. The method is applied to a potential wind farm site located in Izmir, Turkey. The site is considered on technical and economical parameters for the complete plant and its running costs. For technical consideration wind speed, prevailing wind direction, and temperature measurements are performed. For economical consideration, three different scenarios namely, autoproducer, autoproducer group, and independent power producer (IPP) cases, are investigated and compared with respect to net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and pay back period (PBP) criteria. The study indicates the costs of generated energy by wind turbines with different characteristics as a function of the installed capacity. It is concluded that, the larger the installed capacity, the smaller the generating cost per kWh. The generating cost was calculated as low as 2.68 UScent/kWh for the IPP scenario. The profitability analysis also shows that, larger installed capacity with larger rated power wind turbines present higher IRR of the investment. The sensitivity analysis backs up the findings. r

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Economics of off-shore/on-shore wind energy systems in Qatar

Cited by 73 publications

References 5 publications

Global Wind Energy Market, Industry and Economic Impacts

Global Wind Energy Market, Industry and Economic Impacts

The Selection of a Suitable Maintenance Strategy for Wind Turbines

Feasibility study of wind farms: A case study for Izmir, Turkey

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