Economies of scale in cruise shipping

Chaos, Sergi Ros; Pallis, Athanasios A.; Marchán, Sergi Saurí; Roca, David Pino; Conejo, Agustín Sánchez-Arcilla

doi:10.1057/s41278-020-00158-3

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In general, the cost of building cruise ships is very high. From 2006 to 2021, international cruise lines have deployed 34 cruise ships in China, including 11 new ships specially customized for China, running up to 76.5 billion yuan, with an average cost of 7 billion yuan and 1 billion dollars per ship (Ros Chaos et al, 2021). Because of the lower capital cost, the construction of new ships in Europe and the United States shall not exert great impacts upon the operation of cruise companies (Chang et al, 2017), while the high capital cost of cruise construction in China severely limits the advancement of cruise construction, which requires relevant policy systems to be formulated to lower the costs.…”

Section: Financial Policies For Cruise Industry Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy-driven or market-driven? A new perspective on the development of China’s cruise industry

Tong

Chen

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The past 15 years have witnessed the rapid development of China’s cruise industry from scratch and the formation of a policy system in the cruise industry, reflecting the shift of the Chinese government’s attitude towards the cruise industry from wait-and-see, recognition and encouragement to active support. The paper conducts a statistical analysis of 128 policies related to the cruise industry issued by China’s administrative departments at all levels. It is found that the release of policies synchronizes with the development of the cruise industry, with each one providing feedback to the other. The policies do not exhibit a time lag with respect to their effects. The evolution of policy types from macro-level guidance to concrete operation is rapid, with the policy structure gradually improving. In line with current characteristics of the development of China’s cruise industry, the themes of the policies concentrate on five areas: cruise tourism services and products, port construction and development, cruise industry chain expansion, cruise industry environment and cruise industry management. However, there is still a lack of adequate policies to support and guide the industrial upgrading of cruise operation and cruise construction and its green and low-carbon development. In addition, the paper points out the main directions of future policy formulation.

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Section: Financial Policies For Cruise Industry Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy-driven or market-driven? A new perspective on the development of China’s cruise industry

Tong

Chen

2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…However, little scientific work has been developed to analyze and calculate economies of scale in this industry (Sitzimis, 2021c;KEPE, 1992;Goulielmos & Sitzimis, 2014). Some efforts have only been made in the cruise industry, which displays similar features to coastal shipping (Chaos, et al, 2020;Pallis, 2015;Papatheodorou, 2006).…”

Section: Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the number of high-cost shipping companies is restricted, and the production is rationalized so that economies of scale can be capitalized. After all, economies of scale exist in all types of ships (cruise ships, bulk ships, containerships, roro ships) (Chaos, et al, 2020;Ma, 2020). The interesting issue is calculating economies of scale and determining the minimum efficient size, regarding the entry of a company into this market.…”

Section: Economies Of Scale In Gcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economies of scale in Greek coastal shipping. A survivor analysis

Sitzimis¹

2022

European Transport/Trasporti Europei

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Although Greek coastal shipping is a very important shipping industry, there are not a lot of scientific efforts calculating economies of scale and minimum optimal firm size in the past. In our opinion, Stigler’s survivor technique is the best-fitted method for researching these issues. It examines the configuration of companies’ sizes over time and argues that only the companies with the lowest long-term average costs will survive in a market. Methodologically, we divided coastal companies into size classes regarding the number of employees per company and the contribution of companies per size class to gross production value, gross added value, and revenue without vat. Then we checked the statistical significance of changes in market share distribution. The analysis led to the conclusion that economies of scale exist in Greek coastal shipping and the minimum firm size pertains to the employment of 20-49 employees or the operation of two ships per shipping company.

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“…However, the success of its marketing strategy will also affect local development. The cooperation between ship operators and the tourism sector can increase passenger occupancy and economic benefits [34].…”

Section: Operating Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Key Success Factors for the Transformation of the Traditional Fishery to Recreational Fishery in Taiwan’s Outlying Islands

Yang

Lee

2022

Fishes

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Outlying islands are affected by the environment and economy, and fishery resources are the first to experience these impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to actively and effectively transform traditional fisheries in outlying islands. This is the case in Penghu County (Penghu Islands), located on the outlying islands of Taiwan. The transformation to recreational fishery can increase the additional income of traditional fisheries during the fishing moratorium through the development of recreational fishery boats by fishermen. Recreational fishery means the fishery using fishing vessels for recreational purposes or for passengers to harvest aquatic organisms on the reef or to engage in sightseeing on the islets. Therefore, this study will explore the key factors for the successful route planning of fishermen who switch to recreational fishery boats to assist the fishermen in successfully transitioning and enabling recreational fishery to flourish. In the research, using the method of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) expert questionnaire, it was found that the key factors affecting the route planning of recreational fishery boats are “boat conditions”, “berthing conditions”, “operating environment”, and “sightseeing potential”. After the expert questionnaire, a weight comparison of each level was performed, and it was found that “operating environment” was the most important factor, followed by “tourism potential”. However, the key factors of the “natural environment” and “cultural environment” are more important under the influence of the “operating environment”. Under the influence of “tourism potential”, “attractiveness” is a key factor, as is the “accessibility” factor. In this study, the four main fishing ports in Penghu County were also used for empirical discussion. The study results showed that Magong Fishing Port was the first choice for transformation, followed by Chikan Fishing Port. The results of this study can be used as a reference for fishermen and officials in developing a subsidy scheme for fishing boat operation, and they can be used as a reference for transforming traditional fisheries in outlying islands into recreational fishing to develop recreational fishery boats and leisure tourism industries. This research can help fishermen to attach importance to the development of recreational fishing activities and promote the stable growth of the fishery industry environment.

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Economies of scale in cruise shipping

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Policy-driven or market-driven? A new perspective on the development of China’s cruise industry

Policy-driven or market-driven? A new perspective on the development of China’s cruise industry

Economies of scale in Greek coastal shipping. A survivor analysis

Research on the Key Success Factors for the Transformation of the Traditional Fishery to Recreational Fishery in Taiwan’s Outlying Islands

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