Ecophysiology and field performance of black spruce (Picea mariana): a review

Lamhamedi, Mohammed S.; Bernier, Pierre Y.

doi:10.1051/forest:19940601

Cited by 61 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…With such a low value, soil fertility is unlikely to have changed over the period of study, and can be assumed to remain low (fertility ranking = 0.1), with light-use efficiency also low (0.03 mol C/mol photon, equivalent to 1.65 gC/MJ absorbed PAR). We were unable to fine measurements of the photosynthetic temperature optimum (T opt ), maximum (T max ) and minimum (T min ) for P. crassifolia, and substituted values reported for P. abies in the Austrian Alps (Tranquillini 2012) and for P. mariana, a spruce native to the boreal forests of Canada (Lamhamedi and Bernier 1994). The equations to describe the normalized (0-1) functional relationship between P G and monthly temperature values are:…”

Section: Model Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent reduction in the frequency of frost accounts for most of the increased growth of a high elevation spruce forest in northwestern China

Waring

Gao

2016

Trees

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Key message Using process-based models in combination with dendrochronological measurements provides a way to explain recent increased tree growth in northwestern China. Abstract Dendrochronological studies of tree rings in a 250-year-old Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) forest in the Qilian Mountains of northwestern China indicate a 60 % sustained increase in tree-ring growth between 1980 and 2009 compared with any time since 1785. Over the same period, the maximum, minimum, and average temperatures all increased by nearly 2°C during the growing season (May through September), the frequency of frost decreased 18 days, precipitation remained unchanged, while atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 increased by 48 ppm. To explain how the changes in climatic variables might cause the increase in tree growth, we parameterized a process-based growth model (3-PG, physiological processes predicting growth) with values from the literature and performed a series of sensitivity tests. The results of our analysis indicated that a reduction in frost frequency during the growing season, which allows stomata to remain open, enhanced gross photosynthesis by 42 %. Up to a 20 % increase in P G could be attributed to rising atmospheric CO 2 between 1980 and 2009, with half of this attributed to increased light interception from a simulated 0.4 increase in canopy leaf area index. The increase in average and maximum temperatures had little direct effect on gross photosynthesis with the optimum temperature set between 9 and 10°C. Indirectly, the increase in monthly average minimum temperature during the growing season, although small, crossed a threshold that reduced the impact of frost. Our analyses show the value of combining dendrochronological measurements with a process-based model to gain a more holistic understanding of how environmental factors interact to affect tree growth.

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Section: Model Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent reduction in the frequency of frost accounts for most of the increased growth of a high elevation spruce forest in northwestern China

Waring

Gao

2016

Trees

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“…Les connaissances sur de possibles effets d'un réchauffement climatique sur l'écosystème forestier boréal proviennent en grande partie de modèles écophysiologiques ou bioclimatiques développés sous différents scénarios (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994). En général, ces modèles prédisent une augmentation du taux de cyclage des éléments en forêt boréale, un mouvement général des espèces vers des latitudes plus nordiques et une augmentation de l'occurrence des feux de forêts (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994).…”

Section: Effet Du Réchauffement Climatique Sur La Croissance Des Arbresunclassified

“…En général, ces modèles prédisent une augmentation du taux de cyclage des éléments en forêt boréale, un mouvement général des espèces vers des latitudes plus nordiques et une augmentation de l'occurrence des feux de forêts (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994). Tous les modèles biophysiques de circulation globale, mêmes s'ils sont imparfaits, prédisent que les régions boréales seront plus chaudes et plus sèches (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994).…”

Section: Effet Du Réchauffement Climatique Sur La Croissance Des Arbresunclassified

“…La plupart des travaux sur les effets d'une élévation de la concentration de CO2 sur l'épinette noire ont été faits en serre (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994). Le CO 2 a été utilisé en serre sur de jeunes épinettes noires comme traitements culturaux.…”

Section: Les Tendances à Long Terme De La Croissanceunclassified

“…Dans toutes ces études, l'enrichissement de CO2 a résulté en une augmentation de la biomasse des aiguilles, de la tige et des racines (Lamhamedi et Bernier, 1994 Il est très difficile de quantifier le rôle exact de ces facteurs sur la physiologie et la croissance des arbres adultes en forêt naturelle . Le contrôle et/ou l'isolement des variables affectant la croissance des arbres en forêt naturelle est très ardu.…”

Section: Les Tendances à Long Terme De La Croissanceunclassified

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Tendance à long terme de la croissance de l épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill ) B S P ) en forêt boréale québécoise

Gagné¹

2000

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Testing transpiration controls by quantifying spatial variability along a boreal black spruce forest drainage gradient

et al. 2012

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One of the biggest challenges in predicting ecohydrologic fluxes is scaling from easily measured variables to more difficult, often emergent patterns and processes. This is especially true in spatially heterogeneous systems such as black spruce (Picea mariana)‐dominated boreal forests containing excessive and low soil moisture conditions. Traditional hypotheses suggest that transpiration is controlled by hydraulic responses to vapor pressure deficit (D) and soil moisture; however, these may potentially be misinformed because of omission of soil drainage gradients. Thus, we predict that 1) spatial heterogeneity in tree transpiration along a soil drainage gradient is positively correlated with D, 2) sap flux (JS) and leaf‐level transpiration (EL) are higher and whole‐tree transpiration (EC) lower in the poorly drained than well‐drained stands, and 3) spatial heterogeneity of EC is regulated primarily by tree‐related covariates such as sapwood and leaf area and secondarily by environmental covariates including peat and moss depth. With the use of 122 black spruce sap flux measurements, the range of autocorrelation (inverse of spatial variation) decreased from 20 m at low D (<0.7 kPa) to 2 m at midday D values (>0.9 kPa). JS and EL were significantly greater and EC less in poorly drained than well‐drained stands; controlled primarily by tree‐related covariates (sapwood and leaf area) representing long‐term growth conditions and secondarily by soil moisture and spatially sampled D reflecting shorter‐term environmental variation. Quantification of spatial heterogeneity informs predictive models of the distance at which homogeneity can no longer be assumed and will improve mechanistic predictions of transpiration at multiple spatial scales. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Ecophysiology and field performance of black spruce (Picea mariana): a review

Cited by 61 publications

References 47 publications

Recent reduction in the frequency of frost accounts for most of the increased growth of a high elevation spruce forest in northwestern China

Recent reduction in the frequency of frost accounts for most of the increased growth of a high elevation spruce forest in northwestern China

Tendance à long terme de la croissance de l épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill ) B S P ) en forêt boréale québécoise

Testing transpiration controls by quantifying spatial variability along a boreal black spruce forest drainage gradient

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