Ecophysiology and Production Principles of Cassava (Manihot species) in Southeastern Nigeria

Anikwe, M. A. N.; Ikenganyia, E. E.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.70828

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The soil condition at planting at the different sites might also have contributed to differences in establishment among locations. Edaphoclimatic factors such as soil physical properties, moisture, and temperature are essential factors that can affect stem sprouting ( Anikwe and Ikenganyia, 2018 ). When soil moisture is available, timeliness in planting operations is critical for healthy sprouting and good crop establishment ( Anikwe and Ikenganyia, 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Edaphoclimatic factors such as soil physical properties, moisture, and temperature are essential factors that can affect stem sprouting ( Anikwe and Ikenganyia, 2018 ). When soil moisture is available, timeliness in planting operations is critical for healthy sprouting and good crop establishment ( Anikwe and Ikenganyia, 2018 ). Within each location, establishment differed significantly among pre-emergence herbicide treatments at 4 and 8 WAP in both years except in Benue in 2017 ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing cassava root yield on farmers' fields in Nigeria through appropriate weed management

et al. 2021

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Weed competition is the major biological stress affecting cassava production in smallholder farms in West and Central Africa, where yields are low compared with those in Asia and Latin America. Options for improved weed management are crucial in increasing productivity. Selected pre- and post-emergence herbicides, integrated with appropriate tillage and plant spacing, were tested in 96 sites in four locations in Nigeria, 24 in 2016 and 72 in 2017. Trials were split plots with six pre-emergence herbicides and no post-emergence treatment as main plots. Subplot treatments were four post-emergence herbicides, weeding with a motorized rotary weeder, short- and long-handled hoes, and no post-emergence weed control, i.e., regardless of pre-emergence treatments. Indaziflam-based treatments, irrespective of post-emergence treatment, and flumioxazin + pyroxasulfone applied pre-emergence followed by one weeding with a long-handled hoe provided >80% control of major broadleaf and grass weeds. Compared with herbicide use, farmer control practices (53%) were not efficient in controlling weeds. The highest root yield was produced where (1) s-metolachlor was combined with atrazine, and one weeding with a long-handled hoe or clethodim with lactofen, and (2) indaziflam + isoxaflutole was combined with glyphosate. An increase in root yield from 3.41 to 14.2 t ha- 1 and from 3.0 to 11.99 t ha- 1 was obtained where herbicides were used compared with farmers’ practice and manual hoe weeding. Our results showed that integrating good agronomic practices with safe and effective use of appropriate herbicides can result in root yield >20 t ha −1. i.e., twice the national average root yield of 8–12 t ha −1 , with >50% net profit. The use of appropriate herbicides can reduce the amount of manual labor required and improve livelihoods, specifically for women and children. Smallholder cassava farmers would require continuous training on the safe use and handling of herbicides to improve efficiency and prevent adverse effects on humans and the environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing cassava root yield on farmers' fields in Nigeria through appropriate weed management

et al. 2021

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“…Cassava fresh root yields under smallholder farmer conditions have been estimated about 1-10 t ha −1 . However, fresh root yields can potentially reach 75-80 t ha −1 through the use of high yielding, best adapted cultivars and improved crop management practices (Anikwe and Ikenganyia, 2017).…”

Section: Cassava Production In the Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption and Promotion of Resilient Crops for Climate Risk Mitigation and Import Substitution: A Case Analysis of Cassava for South African Agriculture

Amelework

Bairu

Maema³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Cassava is an important starchy root crop grown globally in tropical and subtropical regions. The ability of cassava to withstand difficult growing conditions and long-term storability underground makes it a resilient crop, contributing to food security. Historically, small-scale farmers have grown cassava as a minor crop in the far north-eastern part of the country. However, there is an initiative to scale up cassava production, with two discrete areas of interest: large-scale production for industrial starch, and expanding its footprint as a food security crop for small-scale farmers, especially in the context of climate change. In this scoping study, production, processing and marketing data for cassava were accessed from the FAO and US Commercial trade databases. Other domestic market and demand analysis case studies were also explored. There is no cassava data available for South Africa. The study indicated that South Africa imports more than 66,000 tons of starch annually, of which 33% is cassava starch, showing the availability of a local market. The potential of cassava for the South African economy is discussed. Significant industrial opportunities exist for the production and use of cassava in South Africa. However, the realization of these opportunities will depend on the reliable supply of good quality cassava roots. However, the lack of a well-established cassava research program, and a lack of an existing value chain for the industrial scale cassava production and processing are barriers to the development of cassava industry in South Africa. As the initial step to the development of a successful cassava industry, high potential germplasm is imported, characterized and bred for local conditions to ensure the sustainable primary production of cassava. Subsequently, industrial value chains will need to be developed as the optimization of the breeding and agronomy of the crop are completed, and yield potentials are quantified in the different regions of the country.

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“…This study showed that beyond 12 MAP, CBSD resistant var. Namikonga could be harvested till 24 MAP because it had the least CBSD root losses throughout the growing season [57][58][59][60]. Tolerant vars.…”

Section: Time Of Harvest Highly Influenced Root Weight As It Increasedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Time of Harvesting and Disease Resistance in Reducing Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Yield Losses by Two Viral Diseases

Maruthi

Kimata

Masinde³

et al. 2020

MCDA

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Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) are two important biotic constraints for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in Eastern and Southern Africa. CMD causes a general decline in yield in affected plants of susceptible cassava varieties but CBSD causes rotting of edible roots. Delayed harvesting can increase rotting of roots and making them unfit for consumption or marketing, and thus affecting the livelihoods of poor farmers. This study investigated the effect of interaction between time of harvesting and levels of disease resistance to identify ideal harvesting times for reducing yield losses. The resistant cassava variety Namikonga remained in the field for the duration of the study, up to 24 months after planting without incurring significant yield losses, while the tolerant varieties Kiroba and Kizimbani could only be maintained up to 21 months. Susceptible varieties Mreteta and Albert suffered significant yield losses beyond 15 months. Among the varieties, Kizimbani had the least CBSD and CMD foliar symptoms as well as farmer desirable traits including high root weight, quantity of marketable roots and dry matter content. Harvesting of cassava can depend on the resistance or susceptibility of the varieties grown. Therefore, the above harvesting times for different varieties were recommended for minimizing yield losses due to the diseases and thus maximizing yields to the farmers.

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Ecophysiology and Production Principles of Cassava (Manihot species) in Southeastern Nigeria

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Increasing cassava root yield on farmers' fields in Nigeria through appropriate weed management

Increasing cassava root yield on farmers' fields in Nigeria through appropriate weed management

Adoption and Promotion of Resilient Crops for Climate Risk Mitigation and Import Substitution: A Case Analysis of Cassava for South African Agriculture

Effect of Time of Harvesting and Disease Resistance in Reducing Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Yield Losses by Two Viral Diseases

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