Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean

Coll, Marta; Libralato, Simone; Tudela, Sergi; Palomera, Isabel; Pranovi, Fabio

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003881

Cited by 221 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This coincides with the decreasing trends in the diversity index of Kempton Q90 index and highlighted the decrease in abundance of various high TL organisms. This previously documented pattern, in combination with many other results of the present study, reflects the depletion of large predatory and gradual replacement of the K-selected species by the r-selected species (Coll et al 2006(Coll et al , 2008.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Fisheries impact on the East China Sea Shelf ecosystem for 1969–2000

Zhang

2011

Helgol Mar Res

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An ecosystem model representing the continental shelf of the East China Sea was fitted to a time series of data available from 1969 to 2000 using Ecopath with Ecosim. We used a process-oriented model to explore the extent to which changes in marine resources and the ecosystem were driven by trophic interactions and fishing activities. Fishing effort was used to drive the model, and observed catches were compared with the predicted catches in modeling. A reduction in the sum of the squared deviations of the observed and predicted catches was used as a metric for calibrating and assessing the goodness-of-fit of the model. Trophodynamic indicators were used to explore the ecosystem's structural and functional changes from 1969 to 2000. The model's predictions were consistent with observed catches for most functional groups. Trophodynamic indicators suggest a degradation pattern over time: both the mean trophic level of community and a modified version of Kempton's index of biodiversity decreased over the time, while the total flow to detritus and the loss of production due to fishing increased from 1969 to 2000. Additionally, the ratio of demersal/pelagic abundances decreased as a result of an overall decrease in the abundance of demersal species and increase in pelagic fish in the ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Fisheries impact on the East China Sea Shelf ecosystem for 1969–2000

Zhang

2011

Helgol Mar Res

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“…PP is parameterized from chlorophyll pigment concentrations and photosynthetically active radiation [30]. The probability that such energy loss is sustainable (i.e., P sust ) is calculated by comparing L index to reference L indexes in which overfishing or sustainability have previously been identified.…”

Section: Quantification Of Fisheries Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of aU.S. Endangered Fish

Hunter¹

2016

Fisheries Management and Conservation

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Ongoing declines in production of the world's fisheries may have serious ecological and socioeconomic consequences. As a result, a number of international efforts have sought to improve management and prevent overexploitation, while helping to maintain biodiversity and a sustainable food supply. Although these initiatives have received broad acceptance, the extent to which corrective measures have been implemented and are effective remains largely unknown. We used a survey approach, validated with empirical data, and enquiries to over 13,000 fisheries experts (of which 1,188 responded) to assess the current effectiveness of fisheries management regimes worldwide; for each of those regimes, we also calculated the probable sustainability of reported catches to determine how management affects fisheries sustainability. Our survey shows that 7% of all coastal states undergo rigorous scientific assessment for the generation of management policies, 1.4% also have a participatory and transparent processes to convert scientific recommendations into policy, and 0.95% also provide for robust mechanisms to ensure the compliance with regulations; none is also free of the effects of excess fishing capacity, subsidies, or access to foreign fishing. A comparison of fisheries management attributes with the sustainability of reported fisheries catches indicated that the conversion of scientific advice into policy, through a participatory and transparent process, is at the core of achieving fisheries sustainability, regardless of other attributes of the fisheries. Our results illustrate the great vulnerability of the world's fisheries and the urgent need to meet well-identified guidelines for sustainable management; they also provide a baseline against which future changes can be quantified.

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“…Because the intent was to measure food provision with respect to sustainable production potential, rather than the performance of current fisheries management efforts, catch below this reference range was penalized regardless of whether the cause was under-or overexploitation. We explored separately how EEZs that fish under versus over mMSY R were correlated to the five metrics described above and to: (6) cumulative human impacts (Halpern et al 2008); (7) population within 100 km of the coastline (CIESIN 2012); and (8) loss in secondary production due to fishing (the L-index; Coll et al 2008). We hypothesized that countries fishing below mMSY R due to under-utilization may have lower populations, lower impacts, and lower loss of secondary production while the opposite may be true of countries fishing above mMSY R due to overexploitation.…”

Section: Patterns In Global Fisheries and Mariculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Patterns of Seafood Provision Revealed in the Global Ocean Health Index

Kleisner

Longo

Coll

et al. 2013

AMBIO

Self Cite

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Sustainable provision of seafood from wildcapture fisheries and mariculture is a fundamental component of healthy marine ecosystems and a major component of the Ocean Health Index. Here we critically review the food provision model of the Ocean Health Index, and explore the implications of knowledge gaps, scale of analysis, choice of reference points, measures of sustainability, and quality of input data. Global patterns for fisheries are positively related to human development and latitude, whereas patterns for mariculture are most closely associated with economic importance of seafood. Sensitivity analyses show that scores are robust to several model assumptions, but highly sensitive to choice of reference points and, for fisheries, extent of time series available to estimate landings. We show how results for sustainable seafood may be interpreted and used, and we evaluate which modifications show the greatest potential for improvements.

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Ecosystem Overfishing in the Ocean

Cited by 221 publications

References 34 publications

Fisheries impact on the East China Sea Shelf ecosystem for 1969–2000

Fisheries impact on the East China Sea Shelf ecosystem for 1969–2000

Recovery of aU.S. Endangered Fish

Exploring Patterns of Seafood Provision Revealed in the Global Ocean Health Index

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