Ecosystem Risk Analysis: A New Methodology

O'Neill, R. V.; Gardner, R. H.; Barnthouse, Lawrence W.; Suter, Glenn W.; Hildebrand, S.G.; Gehrs, C.W.

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1982)1[167:eraanm]2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The CASM is essentially an ecological framework for extrapolating the results of laboratory toxicity assays to corresponding aquatic population, food‐web, and ecosystem impacts. The methodology for this extrapolation was developed by O'Neill et al (1982, 1983) and further developed and evaluated by Bartell et al (1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comprehensive Aquatic Systems Model (CASM): Advancing Computational Capability for Ecosystem Simulation

Bartell

Nair²,

Galić

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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The comprehensive aquatic systems model (CASM), an aquatic food web-ecosystem model, was developed originally to explore relationships between food web structure and ecosystem function, and was then subsequently adapted to assess potential ecological risks posed by chemical contaminants. The present short communication presents the history of the CASM, describes the model structure, lists the outputs of the model, and introduces user-friendly versions of CASM applications that are being made publicly available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Comprehensive Aquatic Systems Model (CASM): Advancing Computational Capability for Ecosystem Simulation

Bartell

Nair²,

Galić

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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“…By taking into account factors such as species’ life histories, interactions, constraints, and feedback processes, MEMs can be effectively used to extrapolate the impacts of xenobiotics across levels of biological organization (Forbes et al ; Galic and Forbes ). Although MEMs have been applied in ecotoxicology for decades (O'Neill et al ), they have recently garnered the attention of scientific and regulatory agencies because of their potential to make ecotoxicological risk assessments more ecologically relevant (Grimm and Martin ). For individual organisms, MEMs focus on characterizing the lethal and sublethal effects of contaminant exposure at the individual level (concentrating on toxicological responses such as survival, growth, foraging, and reproduction; Galic et al ).…”

Section: Ecosystem‐level Risk Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do we take the pulse of an aquatic ecosystem? Current and historical approaches to measuring ecosystem integrity

Maloney

2018

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Global environmental monitoring has indicated that the structure and function of some aquatic ecosystems has been significantly altered by human activities. There are many potential causes for these changes; however, one major concern is the increasing release of anthropogenic contaminants into aquatic environments. Although toxicological responses of individual organisms are typically well characterized, few studies have focused on characterizing toxicity at the ecosystem level. In fact, because of their scale and complexity, changes in ecosystem integrity are rarely considered in assessments of risks to ecosystems. This work attempts to move the conversation forward by defining integrity of ecosystems, reviewing current and historical approaches to measuring ecosystem integrity status (e.g., structural and functional measurements), and highlighting methods that could significantly contribute to the field of ecosystem toxicology (e.g., keystone species, environmental energetics, ecotoxicological modeling, and adverse outcome pathways [AOPs]). Through a critical analysis of current and historical methodologies, the present study offers a comprehensive, conceptual framework for the assessment of risks of contaminant exposure for whole ecosystems and proposes steps to facilitate better diagnoses of the integrity of aquatic systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:289-301. C 2018 SETAC Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2019;38:289-301-E.M. Maloney C 2018 SETAC wileyonlinelibrary.com/ETC

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“…However, this phrase is empty unless it is defined in terms of operationally measurable properties, desired goals and relevant data. There are alternatives to choosing the ecosystem as the basis for environmental typology (O'Neill et al . 1982; Cairns & Pratt 1987).…”

Section: Target Variables For Lake Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management criteria for lake ecosystems applied to case studies of changes in nutrient loading and climate change

et al. 2003

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The aim of this paper is twofold: to present and discuss practically useful management criteria from different perspectives of lake management (fishery, recreation, conservation, monitoring of water quality and use of water for irrigation and drinking), and to put these criteria into the context of a holistic lake ecosystem model, LakeWeb, which accounts for production, biomasses, predation and abiotic/biotic feedbacks related to nine key functional groups of organisms constituting the lake ecosystem. These are phytoplankton, benthic algae, macrophytes, bacterioplankton, herbivorous zooplankton, predatory zooplankton, zoobenthos, prey fish and predatory fish. The LakeWeb model also includes a mass‐balance model for phosphorus and calculates bio‐uptake and retention of phosphorus in these groups of organisms. It also includes submodels for the depth of the photic zone and lake temperature. The LakeWeb model is driven by few and readily accessible driving variables and it has been extensively tested and shown to capture fundamental lake foodweb interactions very well, which should lend credibility to the scenarios discussed in this paper regarding the conditions in Lake Batorino, Belarus. The LakeWeb model offers a tool to address important, often very complex, scientific problems in a realistic manner. The first scenario describes the changes after 1990 when there was a drastic reduction in the use of fertilizers in agriculture because of political changes and the corresponding changes in lake characteristics and foodweb structures utilizing the given management criteria. The second scenario describes, for comparative purposes, the probable alterations in the lake foodweb related to global climatic changes; in this case, warming and increased temperature variations. This study indicates that there are several similarities between eutrophication and increases in temperatures, which are discussed in this paper along with the mechanistic reasons related to such changes by using a set of general management criteria.

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Ecosystem Risk Analysis: A New Methodology

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Comprehensive Aquatic Systems Model (CASM): Advancing Computational Capability for Ecosystem Simulation

The Comprehensive Aquatic Systems Model (CASM): Advancing Computational Capability for Ecosystem Simulation

How do we take the pulse of an aquatic ecosystem? Current and historical approaches to measuring ecosystem integrity

Management criteria for lake ecosystems applied to case studies of changes in nutrient loading and climate change

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