Ecosystem Services for 2020

Perrings, Charles; Naeem, Shahid; Ahrestani, Farshid S.; Bunker, Daniel E.; Burkill, Peter H.; Canziani, Graciela Ana; Elmqvist, Thomas; Ferrati, Rosana; Fuhrman, Jed A.; Jaksic, Fabián M.; Kawabata, Zen’ichiro; Kinzig, Ann P.; Mace, Georgina M.; Milano, Fernando; Mooney, Harold A.; Prieur‐Richard, Anne‐Hélène; Tschirhart, John; Weisser, Wolfgang W.

doi:10.1126/science.1196431

Cited by 185 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Restoration is also increasingly being called upon to compensate for the biodiversity values lost in development projects by restoring degraded sites elsewhere . Cost effective and rather straightforward restoration methods are most likely needed to reach such demanding targets (Perrings et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Kareksela

Haapalehto

Juutinen

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston matemaattis-luonnontieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston vanhassa juhlasalissa S212 maaliskuun 28. päivänä 2014 kello 12.Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Mathematics and Science of the University of Jyväskylä, in building Seminarium, auditorium S212, on March 28, 2014 at 12 o'clock noon. The wide and rapidly increasing human land use has caused extensive degradation of natural landscapes, extinctions of species and loss of ecosystem functions and services. Subsequently, ecological restoration has been raised to a major global strategy for safeguarding ecosystem values. However, concerns have been raised on the real potential of restoration to re-establish ecosystem structures and functions. Here, I studied the effects of ecological restoration on the structure and functions of forestry drained boreal peatland ecosystems in southern Finland. To better understand structural and functional changes, the effects of drainage and restoration on water table level, pore water chemistry and peat chemistry were explored as well. Drainage lowered the water table and induced changes in pore water chemistry and plant community composition. Drainage retarded the accumulation of surface peat and resulted in significant reduction in the sequestration of carbon therein. Re-establishment of water table level and significant recovery of pore water and surface peat chemistry were observed after restoration. Restoration induced the recovery of ecosystem structure i.e. plant community composition towards the target. The recovery was dependent on the within-site degree of ecosystem degradation. The original ecosystem structure was not needed for the re-establishment of important peatland ecosystem functionality in terms of surface peat accumulation. However, a more profound recovery of structure and conditions may be needed for some other functions like surface peat carbon sequestration to recover. Overall, my results are promising from the perspective of restoration. However, they highlight the need for patience in drawing conclusions on the effectiveness of restoration. Practitioners should also be prepared for temporarily increased leaching of nutrients into downstream water courses. UNIVERSITY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Kareksela

Haapalehto

Juutinen

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…This concept is currently widely recognized as a useful framework for policy makers, as stated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA; 2005), TEEB report (2010), and scientific literature (e.g. Vandewalle et al, 2008;Naeem et al, 2009;Perrings et al, 2010). The ES concept has been considered in European policy ( EC, 2006( EC, , 2011 and has also been discussed-and adopted for different purposes-by bodies such as the US-EPA, Environment Canada, United Nations Environment Programme and OECD (e.g.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a framework based on an ecosystem services approach for deriving specific protection goals for environmental risk assessment of pesticides

Nienstedt

Brock

Wensem³

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

159

121

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“…In fact, the 2010 target of the Convention of Biological Diversity, the reduction of the rate at which biodiversity is lost, was not achieved. To enhance the implementation of the Convention, it is aimed that by 2020 "knowledge, the science base and technologies relating to biodiversity, its values, functioning, status, and trends, are improved" (Perrings et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation biology in Chile: Are we fulfilling our social contract?

Simonetti

2011

Rev. chil. hist. nat.

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Biodiversity conservation needs to be informed by science. On this regard, scientific efforts ought to be allocated to tackle research priorities; offer sound and explicit advice, and results ought to be translated into conservation plans and programs. If such conditions are met, scientists would be fulfilling their social contract, sensu Lubchenco. In this brief essay I analyze the fulfillment of such a contract in Chile. In general, the scarce priorities set for addressing conservation issues are not considered, only a third of scientific publications in conservation-related issues offer explicit advice and a minor fraction of relevant scientific information is considered in the preparation of conservation plans. Current mismatch between conservation science and practice weakens longstanding efforts to achieve an effective conservation of the Chilean biota. Suggestions are advanced to close the gap.Key words: conservation practice, conservation research. RESUMENLa conservación de la biodiversidad requiere apoyo científico. En este sentido, desde el ámbito científico se deberían destinar esfuerzos para abordar las prioridades de investigación, ofrecer recomendaciones explícitas, y los resultados de la investigación científica deberían ser incorporados a los planes y programas de investigación. De cumplirse estos pasos, los científicos estarían satisfaciendo su contrato social, sensu Lubchenco. En este breve ensayo analizo el cumplimiento de tal contrato en Chile. En general, el escaso conjunto de prioridades existente no ha sido abordado, solamente un tercio de las publicaciones científicas en temas de conservación biológica ofrecen consejo explícito y una fracción menor de la información relevante y pertinente es considerada en la elaboración de planes y programas de conservación. El desacople entre la ciencia y la práctica de la conservación debilita esfuerzos de larga data tendientes a lograr una efectiva conservación de la biota chilena. Para intentar cerrar esta brecha, ofrezco algunas sugerencias.Palabras clave: ciencia de la conservación, conservación en la práctica.

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Ecosystem Services for 2020

Abstract: The Convention on Biological Diversity's 2020 targets are an improvement over the 2010 target, but they could be strengthened.

Cited by 185 publications

References 18 publications

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Fighting carbon loss of degraded peatlands by jump-starting ecosystem functioning with ecological restoration

Development of a framework based on an ecosystem services approach for deriving specific protection goals for environmental risk assessment of pesticides

Conservation biology in Chile: Are we fulfilling our social contract?

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