Ecotoxicity and QSAR studies of glycerol ethers in Daphnia magna

First Attempt of Glycidol‐to‐Monoalkyl Glyceryl Ethers Conversion by Acid Heterogeneous Catalysis: Synthesis and Simplified Sustainability Assessment

“…Resultsr eported previously by Pariente et al were used to create the benchmark modeli nt he life cycle analysis and perform the sustainabilitye valuation. [8,35] Generally,t his approachp ermitsM AGEst ob eo btained with high selectivity,f avoring the developmento fs olvents,i nm ostc ases with av ery low eco-toxicity [36] and with tunable properties. [33,34] Industrial building blocks, alternative to glycerol, have been successfully used to prepareM AGEs, such as glycidol, epichlorohydrin, allyl alcohol, and 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol.…”

“…[33,34] Industrial building blocks, alternative to glycerol, have been successfully used to prepareM AGEs, such as glycidol, epichlorohydrin, allyl alcohol, and 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol. [8,35] Generally,t his approachp ermitsM AGEst ob eo btained with high selectivity,f avoring the developmento fs olvents,i nm ostc ases with av ery low eco-toxicity [36] and with tunable properties. [11] Only af ew studies have reported the preparation of MAGEs startingf rom glycidol [8,[14][15][16] and, in this context,M AGEs have been obtained with high selectivity by using homogeneous catalysts and very preliminary results have been reported in the presence of heterogeneous basic catalysts (71 %w /w toward glycidol with Amberlyst IRA-400).…”

Methylation of Polyols with Trimethylphosphate in the Presence of a Lewis or Brønsted Acid Catalyst

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The alkylation of alcohols and polyols has been investigated with alkylphosphates in the presence of aL ewis or Brønsted acid catalyst.T he permethylation of polyols was developed under solvent-free conditions at 100 8Cw ith either iron triflate or Aquivion PW98,a ffording the isolatedp roducts in yields between 52 and 95 %. [7,8] Although the alkylation of glycerol has been studied under aw ider ange of reported conditions, [6] the peralkylation of polyols hasr arely been described and, in particular, their methylation remains problematic.Methylation is usually performed under Williamson conditions, [9] utilizing toxic reagents such as iodomethane or dimethylsulfate in nonprotic dipolars olvents. [1, 2] Even in light of research into new solvents, [3] hydrotropes, [4] surfactants, [5] or additives for gasolines, [6] the transformation of glyceroland other polyols remains in strong demand.

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“…Ether derivatives are generally preferred to esters because of their stability,n otably in the presenceo fw ater.I na ddition, ar ecent study dealingw ith the toxicityo fg lycerol ethersh as furtherincreasedi nterest in the selectives ynthesis of such compounds. [7,8] Although the alkylation of glycerol has been studied under aw ider ange of reported conditions, [6] the peralkylation of polyols hasr arely been described and, in particular, their methylation remains problematic.Methylation is usually performed under Williamson conditions, [9] utilizing toxic reagents such as iodomethane or dimethylsulfate in nonprotic dipolars olvents. [6] The use of less toxic reagents,s uch as dimethylcarbonate [10] or dimethylsulfite, [11] has also been explored.…”

“…Ether derivatives are generally preferred to esters because of their stability,n otably in the presenceo fw ater.I na ddition, ar ecent study dealingw ith the toxicityo fg lycerol ethersh as furtherincreasedi nterest in the selectives ynthesis of such compounds. [7,8] Although the alkylation of glycerol has been studied under aw ider ange of reported conditions, [6] the peralkylation of polyols hasr arely been described and, in particular, their methylation remains problematic.…”