Ecotoxicological evaluation of pig slurry

Torre, Ana de la; Jiménez, José; Carballo, M.; Fernández, Carlos; Roset, Jaime; Muñoz, Marı́a Jesús

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00038-2

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…During the decomposition process of organic matter, large amounts of nitrogen are carried out of the compost through volatilisation, by leaching (Martins and Dewes 1992) and through the depletion of its more hydrolysable (labile) fraction (Domene et al 2007). Ammonia is known to cause a strong phytotoxic effect (De la Torre et al 2000;Tiquia et al 1996) that can explain the phytotoxic differences of the aqueous extracts between the composted and the fresh sludge. Moreover, during the decomposition process, waste toxicity may be reduced since non-persistent organic pollutants like DEHP and others can be degraded (Bagó et al 2005;Déportes et al 1995;Marttinen et al 2004).…”

Section: Phytotoxicity and Extract Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic effects of sewage sludge extracts on the germination of three plant species

et al. 2008

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In order to evaluate the ability of three types of extracts to explain the ecotoxicological risk of treated municipal sewage sludges, the OECD 208A germination test was applied using three plants (Lolium perenne L., Brassica rapa L., and Trifolium pratense L.). Three equivalent batches of sludge, remained as dewatered sludge, composted with plant remains and thermally dried, from an anaerobic waste water treatment plant were separated. Samples from these three batches were extracted in water, methanol, and dichloromethane. Plant bioassays were performed and the Germination Index (GI) for the three plants was evaluated once after a period of 10 days. Germination in extracts was always lower than the respective controls. The germination in composted sludge (GI 40.9-86.2) was higher than the dewatered (GI 2.9-45.8), or thermally dried sludges (GI 24.6-64.4). A comparison of the germination between types of extracts showed differences for dewatered sludge with the three plants, where the water and methanol extracts had significantly lower germination than the dichloromethane extract. A higher half maximal effective concentration (EC50) in composted extracts was established, mainly in the water extract (EC50 431-490 g kg(-1)). On the contrary, the germination was strongly inhibited in the water extract of the dewatered sludge (EC50 14 g kg(-1)). The germination was positively correlated with the degree of organic matter stability of the parent sludge, and an inverse correlation was detected for total nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen and ammonium content. It is concluded that the phytotoxic effect of the water extract is more closely related to hydrophilic substances rather than lipophilic ones, and care must be taken with dewatered sludge application, especially with their aqueous eluates. Results obtained in this work show the suitability of the use of sludge extracts in ecotoxic assays and emphasize the relevance of sewage sludge stabilization by post-treatment processes.

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Section: Phytotoxicity and Extract Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic effects of sewage sludge extracts on the germination of three plant species

et al. 2008

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“…The toxic effect, expressed as median lethal concentration (LC 50 ), of swine wastewater on aquatic cladocer organisms, such as Daphnia magna, demonstrate its high toxicity at low concentrations of this waste (LC 50 =1->10%; De la Torre et al 2000). Some earlier studies have related the toxicity of Daphnia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Swine Wastewater by Toxicity Identification Evaluation Methodology (TIE)

Villamar

Cañuta

Belmonte

et al. 2011

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Since swine wastewater is used by farmers for soil fertilization, evaluation of toxic compounds or micro-contaminants of separate streams is required. This paper uses the toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedure for the physicochemical and ecotoxicological characterization of swine wastewater. To distinguish the most important toxic compounds, a physicochemical characterization and phase I-TIE procedure were performed. The acute toxic effect of swine wastewater and treated fractions (phase II-TIE) were evaluated using Daphnia magna determining 48-h LC 50 . Results show a high level of conductivity (23.5 μS cm −1 ), which is explained as due to the concentration of ions, such as ammonium (NH 4 + -N 1.6 gL −1 ), sulfate (SO 4 2− 397.3 mg L −1 ), and chlorine (Cl − 1,230.0 mg L −1 ). The acute toxicity of the swine wastewater was evaluated on D. magna (48-h LC 50 =3.4%). Results of the different water treatments indicate that anionic exchange treatments could reduce 22.5% of swine wastewater's acute toxicity by reducing chlorine (to around 51%) and conductivity (8.5%). On the other hand, cationic exchange treatment increased acute toxicity on D. magna (% RT=−624.4%), by reducing NH 4 + -N (around 100%) and total nitrogen (95.5%). This finding suggests that part of the toxicity comes from anionic compounds, such as chlorine.

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“…According to recent studies, repeated application of poultry litter (Pederson et al 2002;Adeli et al 2007;Schomberg et al 2008), pig slurry (De la Torre et al 2000;Novak et al 2004;Berenguer et al 2008) or cattle manure (Lipoth and Schoenau 2007;Benke et al 2008) can also substantially increase the Cu and Zn contents in the upper soil layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of trace elements in arable soil after long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

Uprety

Hejcman

Száková

et al. 2009

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The Ruzyně Fertilizer Experiment (RFE, the Czech Republic) was established on a permanent arable field (illimerized Luvisol) in 1955. The effects of long-term application of several organic fertilizers (dung water, farmyard manure, poultry litter) and mineral N, P and K fertilizers on plant-available (extracted by CaCl 2 ), easily mobilizable (extracted by EDTA), potentially mobilizable (extracted by HNO 3 ) and total concentrations of trace elements were investigated in 2008. Concentrations of all analyzed trace elements in the applied fertilizers did not exceed the limits permitted by Czech national legislation. Concentrations of As, Cd and Cr were highest in single superphosphate, those of Cu, Mn and Ni were highest in poultry litter and those of Pb and Zn were highest in dung water. Poultry litter had the second highest concentration of As and Zn. Poultry litter supplied the soils with considerable amounts of Cu,

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Ecotoxicological evaluation of pig slurry

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

Phytotoxic effects of sewage sludge extracts on the germination of three plant species

Phytotoxic effects of sewage sludge extracts on the germination of three plant species

Characterization of Swine Wastewater by Toxicity Identification Evaluation Methodology (TIE)

Concentration of trace elements in arable soil after long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers

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