Ecstasy Use Among Club Rave Attendees

Arria, Amelia M.; Yacoubian, George S.; Fost, Elisabeth; Wish, Eric D.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.156.3.295

Cited by 64 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Studies indicate that rates of ecstasy use among EMDE attendees are decreasing across settings, from a high of approximately 20-30% before 2002 (Lenton et al, 1997;Yacoubian et al, 2003;Arria et al, 2002) to the recently reported rate of less than 10% (e.g. Miller et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…EMDEs are akin to events historically referred to as "raves," which are all-night dance parties characterized by many young attendees, elevated levels of drug-taking, and dancing to electronic music played by disc jockeys (Arria et al, 2002;Miller et al, 2005). These events, typically held in clandestine locations such as warehouses, are now held in more mainstream locales, such as established bars and clubs, where the term "rave" is no longer used (Measham et al, 1998;Golub et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Drug and alcohol-impaired driving among electronic music dance event attendees

Furr‐Holden

Voas

Kelley-Baker

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background-Drug-impaired driving has received increased attention resulting from development of rapid drug-screening procedures used by police and state laws establishing per se limits for drug levels in drivers. Venues that host electronic music dance events (EMDEs) provide a unique opportunity to assess drug-impaired driving among a high proportion of young adult drug users. EMDEs are late-night dance parties marked by a substantial number of young adult attendees and elevated drug involvement. No studies to date have examined drug-impaired driving in a natural environment with active drug and alcohol users. Methods-SixEMDEs were sampled in San Diego, California, and Baltimore, Maryland. A random sample of approximately 40 attendees per event were administered surveys about alcohol and other drug (AOD) use and driving status, given breath tests for alcohol, and asked to provide oral fluid samples to test for illicit drug use upon entering and exiting the events.Results-Driving status reduced the level of alcohol use (including abstaining) but the impact on drug-taking was not significant. However, 62% of individuals who reported their intention to drive away from the events were positive for drugs or alcohol upon leaving. This suggests that these events and settings are appropriate ones for developing interventions for reducing risks for young adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug and alcohol-impaired driving among electronic music dance event attendees

Furr‐Holden

Voas

Kelley-Baker

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…En general, entre las drogas más consumidas por los ravers se encuentran la MDMA, anfetaminas y LSD, tres de las drogas recogidas bajo el término club drugs (Arria et al, 2002) e identificadas como prototípicas de las raves (Anderson y Kavanaugh, 2007). No obstante, el consumo de alcohol, cannabis y cocaína, a pesar de no ser consideradas club drugs, es también muy elevado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Raves y consumo de drogas desde una perspectiva epidemiológica y psicosocial: una revisión bibliográfica sistemática

Fernández‐Calderón

Lozano

Tejada³

2013

Adicciones

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Resumen AbstractThe high drug use that occurs at raves and the specific characteristics of these parties make them a high risk recreational context the health of participants. The aim of this paper is to establish a categorization of research on drug use and raves according to their objectives and main results. Knowledge and research needs identified as a result of this review are discussed.To this end, a systematic review of scientific literature through Medline, Psycinfo and Psicodoc was conducted. After applying the inclusion criteria, 36 papers were obtained, classified into six categories.The results show that 23 studies aim psychosocial profile analysis, and the prevalence and patterns of drug use. Nine studies focus on risks related to drug use, and nine in the drug effects.Given the high risk associated with raves and the scarcity of empirical studies identified, the need to develop further empirical studies is addressed. There is still insufficient evidence to guide intervention strategies to prevent risks and harms among ravers. There is also a need to explore: polydrug use, harm reduction strategies, positive effects and motivations.Key words: Rave, drug use, bibliographic systematic review, risk, harm reduction.El elevado consumo de drogas que se produce en las raves y las características propias de estas fiestas las convierten en un contexto recreativo de alto riesgo para la salud de los participantes. El objetivo de esta revisión es establecer una categorización de las investigaciones sobre raves y consumo de drogas a partir de sus objetivos y principales resultados.Se discuten las necesidades de investigación/conocimiento detectadas como fruto de esta revisión.

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“…Epidemiological studies show that individuals who regularly take ecstasy are also likely to be polydrug users (Webb et al, 1996;Pederson & Skrondal, 1999;Topp et al, 1999;Sherlock and Connor, 1999;Winstock et al, 2001;Strote et al, 2002;Arria et al, 2002;Scholey et al, 2004;Sumnall et al, 2004;Hopper et al, 2006). The most commonly reported co-used substances are tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, amphetamine and cocaine (Sherlock and Connor, 1999;GouzoulisMayfrank and Daumann, 2006), although increasing use of ecstasy appears to also be associated with more widespread and heavier use of other stimulants and hallucinogens (Scholey et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attributions for psychobiological changes in ecstasy/MDMA and other polydrug users

2008

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Ecstasy [3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)] use has been associated with a number of psychopathological problems. However, research suggests that reported symptoms might be associated more with heavy polydrug use in general rather than ecstasy per se. The current study aimed to determine the role of other drug use in reports of long-term effects by some ecstasy-polydrug users. Problematic ecstasy users ( n = 53), reporting problems which they attributed to ecstasy use, were compared with non-problematic ecstasy users ( n = 62), polydrug ( n = 62) and alcohol/nicotine using controls ( n = 111). Drug use was recorded, and positive and negative life changes were assessed along with which previous drug use, if any, they attributed these changes too. Both ecstasy groups reported higher drug use compared with polydrug controls. Polydrug and ecstasy users more often reported life changes compared with non-drug users, and ecstasy users appeared to experience more life changes than polydrug users, with problematic ecstasy users experiencing most alterations. Ecstasy users reported changes more to a combination of drugs than to one specific drug, suggesting that polydrug use in these groups has an impact on their life experiences. These findings emphasise that research into the psychological effects of ecstasy should not underestimate the role of other polydrug use.

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Ecstasy Use Among Club Rave Attendees

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

Drug and alcohol-impaired driving among electronic music dance event attendees

Drug and alcohol-impaired driving among electronic music dance event attendees

Raves y consumo de drogas desde una perspectiva epidemiológica y psicosocial: una revisión bibliográfica sistemática

Attributions for psychobiological changes in ecstasy/MDMA and other polydrug users

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