Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Associated With Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Were Altered by Soil Environments With Aging Plantation in a Semi-arid Desert

Abstract

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica (P. sylvestris) is a pioneer afforestation species for wind and sand fixation in northern China. However, most plantations have undergone unprecedented degradation since the early 1990s. Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi are expected to be substantially related to the degradation of P. sylvestris plantations; however, the direct evidence for this remains unclear. For this purpose, we investigated variation among EcM fungal communities associated with P. sylvestris root samples of three age groups (half-mature, near-mature, and mature) in Mu Us Desert. Our results found a total of 72 EcM fungal operational taxonomic unit (OTU) belonging to Basidiomycota (63) and Ascomycota (9). The EcM fungal community is highly enriched in Rhizopogon, Tuber, Tomentella, and Inocybe, and the variations of their abundance mainly contribute to community differences. The diversity index and fungal species richness showed increasing trends toward the mature forest but did not reach a significant level (p > 0.05). The main factors that affected the dominant EcM fungal community were URE, INV, and SOC, but for the whole EcM fungal community, the effects of soil environments with plantation aging are not significant (p > 0.05). Understanding the effects of environmental factors on the structuring of the EcM fungal communities is critical to sustainable forest management in the future.

Biogeography and ecological functions of root‐associated and soil fungi of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica across different afforestation areas in desertified Northern China

“…PCR amplification was performed using the primers ITS1F (5′‐CTTGGTCATTTAGAGGAAGTAA‐3′) and ITS2 (5′‐GCTGCGTTCTTCATCGATGC‐3′). The method and process of gel imaging and purification of PCR products were performed at Allwegene Company (Beijing, China) (Ren et al, 2022). ILLUMINA ANALYSIS PIPELINE version 2.6 was applied to the sequence.…”

“…(5 0 -CTTGGTCATTTAGAGGAAGTAA-3 0 ) and ITS2 (5 0 -GCTGCGTT CTTCATCGATGC-3 0 ). The method and process of gel imaging and purification of PCR products were performed at Allwegene Company (Beijing, China) (Ren et al, 2022) The fungal functional groups were classified as pathotroph, saprotroph, or symbiotroph on the FUNGuild platform (Nguyen et al, 2016). The guild assignments, with confidence rankings of "highly probable" or "probable," were accepted directly.…”

Species composition and driving factors of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community associated with <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> at different growth periods

“…, 能与松科 等多种高等植物根系形成互利共生的紧密联系体, 是森林生态系统的重要组成部分 (Bennett et al, 2017;Sebastiana et al, 2018)。外生菌根真菌能够改 善土壤质量, 促进寄主植物对矿质养分和水分的吸 收利用, 抵抗干旱、 病害和重金属等环境胁迫, 对森 林生态系统的养分运输、生物多样性维护和生态系 统稳定至关重要 (Courty et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2022a)。 外生菌根真菌群落具有高度的时空异质性, 受 环境因素和寄主特性的共同调控 (Miyamoto et al, 2018;Arraiano-Castilho et al, 2021;Ren et al, 2022)。 寄主偏好性决定了外生菌根真菌群落物种组 成, 土壤性质随林龄的变化驱动了外生菌根真菌群 落的时间动态模式 (Hupperts et al, 2017)。气候是外 (Hayward et al, 2015;Miyamoto et al, 2018), 多变 的气候破坏土壤养分平衡, 使外生菌根真菌竞争资 源 以 适 应 养 分 循 环 过 程 (Mundra et al, 2015;Goldmann et al, 2016)…”

Patterns and environmental drivers of C, N, and P stoichiometry in the leaf‐litter‐soil system associated with Mongolian pine forests

“…As a major component of the world's forest resources, plantations play a role in restoring and rebuilding the ecological environment (Ren et al., 2023 ; Sun et al., 2017 ), especially in the northern desert areas that are heavily impacted by wind erosion (Zhao et al., 2020 ). Mongolian pine is a strongly cold‐resistant and drought‐resistant tree species that can grow healthily in infertile soils, although its natural distribution range is narrow (Ren et al., 2022 ; Song et al., 2015 ). It has become one of the optimal conifer species for constructing protective afforestation in the desert areas of northern China.…”