Ectopic mammary tissue in vulva

Abstract

Ectopic mammary tissue in vulva in adult period is very rarely seen, and can be changed pathologically as well as normally positioned breast tissue into benign cystic changes, benign tumors, adenomas and fibroadenomas and tumors. Cells with low ER/PR receptor level grow independently of estrogene stimulation and they could be resistant to hormonal therapy effects.

Carcinoma in accessory axillary breast

“…Some authors describe cases of synchronous breast cancer as well as hidden carcinoma in normal and accessory breast 12 13. Furthermore, cases of patients with cancer of the accessory breast in the groin or vulva have been reported 12 14 15. In such cases, therapeutic strategy should be determined individually, as the scope of resection surgery differs from the standardised one and may affect even the inguinal lymph nodes 9…”

Gynecomastia-Like Hyperplasia of Axillary Ectopic Breast Tissue in a Young Female

“…Therefore, ectopic breast tissue generally occurs ventrally along the embryonic milk line. The axilla and vulva are the most common sites [8], but ectopic breast tissue has been reported at numerous other sites including the face, neck, shoulder, flank, hip, thigh, anus, and foot [1, 9–11]. Axillary ectopic breast tissue presents bilaterally in up to 30% of cases, and its discovery should alert for the potential presence of other sites of ectopic tissue [7].…”

Male breast cancer arising in ectopic axillary breast tissue: A diagnostic dilemma

“…Ectopic breast tissue has been identified in a number of regions, including in the vulva (3), anal polyps (4), axilla (5,6) and axillary lymph nodes (7), affecting up to 6% of the general population and occurring more frequently in females and the axillary region (8). Thus, the occurrence of male axillary breast cancer is extremely uncommon and to the best of our knowledge, only one case of male axillary breast cancer has been reported (2).…”