Ectopic production of methionine enkephalin and beta-endorphin.

Pullan, P.T.; Clement‐Jones, Vicky; Corder, Roger; Lowry, P. J.; Rees, Gareth; Rees, Lesley; Besser, G. M.; Macedo, M M; Galvão-Teles, A

doi:10.1136/bmj.280.6216.758

Cited by 51 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Receptors for beta-endorphin also have been identified on lymphocytes (Hazum, Chang, & Cuatrecasas, 1979), and beta-endorphin has been shown to enhance the lymphocyte response to Con A in a dose-dependent fashion (Oilman, Schwartz, Milner, Bloom, & Feldman, 1982). Curiously, both met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin have been found in high concentrations in certain tumors (Pullan et al, 1980). Could it be that the presence in tumors of these neuropeptides represents local efforts at host defense?…”

Section: Psychoimmunology: Mediation Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial factors, immunologic mediation, and human susceptibility to infectious diseases: How much do we know?

Jemmott¹,

Locke²

1984

Psychological Bulletin

457

165

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Recent evidence from animal models of stress suggests that stress can impair immunologic competence, rendering the host more vulnerable to infection and neoplasm. The present article reviews studies on the relationship between psychosocial factors and human immunologic functioning. It draws on two literatures: studies bearing on the relationship of psychosocial factors to altered susceptibility to infectious diseases and those bearing on the relationship of such factors to specific aspects of the human immune response. The review reveals that a variety of psychosocial variables, disease states, and aspects of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses have been investigated and that, although many studies have methodological weaknesses, the bulk of evidence favors the view that psychosocial variables may play a role in modulating the human immune response. It is suggested that more research is needed before it can be definitively concluded that the relationship between stress and human susceptibility to infectious diseases is a psychoimmunologic nexus. Relationships between the endocrine and immune systems are discussed and suggestions for future research on human psychoimmunology are offered.The authors would like to thank John Darley and Peggy Thoits for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. John B.

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Section: Psychoimmunology: Mediation Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial factors, immunologic mediation, and human susceptibility to infectious diseases: How much do we know?

Jemmott¹,

Locke²

1984

Psychological Bulletin

457

165

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“…The possibility of treating such patients with biological agents such as TNF inhibitors can also be considered, although experience is still limited (Vinik & Ziegler 2007). Alternatively, such syndromes could possibly be secondary to the ectopic production of opioid-like peptides (Pullan et al 1980).…”

Section: Limbic Encephalitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic syndromes secondary to neuroendocrine tumours

Kaltsas

Androulakis²,

Herder³

et al. 2010

Endocrine-Related Cancer

100

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Neuroendocrine tumours may be either benign or malignant tumours, and have the ability to synthesise and secrete biologically active substances characteristic of the cell of origin that can cause distinct clinical syndromes. The term 'paraneoplastic syndromes' (PNSs) is used to denote syndromes secondary to substances secreted from tumours not related to their specific organ or tissue of origin and/or production of autoantibodies against tumour cells; such syndromes are mainly associated with hormonal and neurological symptoms. Appreciation of the presence of such syndromes is important as clinical presentation, if not identified, may delay the diagnosis of the underlying neoplasia. Conversely, early recognition can allow for more rapid diagnosis, particularly as the coexistence of a neoplasm with a clinical or biochemical marker offers an additional determinant of tumour status/progression. PNSs can complicate the patient's clinical course, response to treatment, impact prognosis and even be confused as metastatic spread. Their diagnosis involves a multidisciplinary approach, and detailed endocrinological, neurological, radiological and histological studies are required. Correct diagnosis is essential as the treatment of choice will be different for each disorder, particularly in the case of malignant tumours; it is therefore important to develop appropriate means to correctly identify and localise these tumours. Clinical awareness and the incorporation into clinical practise of 111 In-octreotide scintigraphy, chromogranin A and other evolving biochemical marker measurement techniques have substantially contributed to the identification of patients harbouring such syndromes. Diseasespecific medical therapies are mandatory in order to prevent recurrence and/or further tumour growth. Owing to their rarity, central registration of these syndromes is very helpful in order to be able to provide evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

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“…The ectopic secretion of ß-endorphin by non-pitui¬ tary tumours responsible for the ectopic ACTH syndrome has already been reported Pulían et al 1980;Bertagna et al 1979b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Since metenkephalin has been shown to be present in the same chromaffin cells that also contain the cate¬ cholamines and to be released with them after stimulation (Viveros et al 1979;Live« et al 1981), plasma determination of met-enkephalin may pro¬ vide yet another tool for the diagnosis of phaeo¬ chromocytomas. Pulían et al (1980) have reported simultaneous production of ß-endorphin and met-enkephalin in three carcinoid tumours associated with the ectopic ACTH syndrome. This study is another in which the two opioid peptides were found simultaneously in the same tumours, whether or not a Cushing's syndrome was present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Simultaneous measurement of β-endorphin, lipotrophins and met-enkephalin in phaeochromocytomas

Bertagna¹,

Pique²,

Ochoa³

et al. 1982

Acta Endocrinologica

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Tissue concentrations of immunoreactive lipotrophin, \g=b\-endorphin, and met-enkephalin were determined in 10 phaeochromocytomas, 3 of which were responsible for the ectopic ACTH syndrome. Lipotrophin and \g=b\-endorphin immunoreactivities could be detected in all cases, whether or not Cushing's syndrome was present, and their tissue concentrations were significantly correlated (r = 0.95, P < 0.001). Chromatographic studies showed tha \g=g\-lipotrophin and \g=b\-endorphin were the main peptides in the tumours. Met-enkephalin immunoreactivity was also found in all tumours examined, at much higher concentration and showing no correlation with either lipotrophin or \g=b\-endorphin immunoreactivity. Although \g=b\-endorphin and met-enkephalin are thought to originate from different precursor molecules, these data show that the two opioid peptides may be secreted by the same tumour. The evidence for excess secretion of opioid peptides and their pathological significance in phaeochromocytomas remain to be established.

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Ectopic production of methionine enkephalin and beta-endorphin.

Cited by 51 publications

References 14 publications

Psychosocial factors, immunologic mediation, and human susceptibility to infectious diseases: How much do we know?

Psychosocial factors, immunologic mediation, and human susceptibility to infectious diseases: How much do we know?

Paraneoplastic syndromes secondary to neuroendocrine tumours

Simultaneous measurement of β-endorphin, lipotrophins and met-enkephalin in phaeochromocytomas

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