Ectopic right bronchus: indication for bronchography

Tracheal bronchus associated with VACTERL

“…Bronchoscopy is the usual mode of confirmatory diagnosis, but an ectopic right bronchus may be missed on bronchoscopic examination [5]. As in our case, the bronchoscope (even a small-calibre bronchoscope) may be too large to pass through a stenotic segment of the tracheobronchial tree.…”

“…The tracheal bronchus (TB) is a rare congenital abnormality seen in 0.1-2% of bronchoscopic examinations [4,5] and its association with tracheostenosis is rare [1,6,7]. VACTERL association is a clinically recognized nonrandom occurrence of three or more of the following six anomalies: V (vertebral defects), A (anal atresia), C (cardiac abnormalities), TE (tracheo-oesophageal fistula and/or oesophageal atresia), R (renal agenesis and dysplasia), L (limb defects, mainly radial-type reduction or polydactyly).…”

Radioanatomical study of a true tracheal bronchus using multidetector computed tomography

“…3,13 The incidence of tracheal bronchus has been reported as 0.1-2.0%. 2,[12][13][14] However, Ghaye reported only eight TTBs (0.05%) in 17 500 consecutive patients. 13 In the present study, the frequency was 0.31%, representing an increase of about sixfold in comparison with the Ghaye et al study.…”

“…Tracheal bronchus has usually been detected by bronchography or bronchoscopy, [1][2][3] although these invasive diagnostic methods have been gradually replaced by computed tomography (CT) scans. [4][5][6][7][8][9] It is taken into consideration in patients with recurrent pneumonia or planned endotracheal intubation.…”

Demonstration of tracheal bronchus associated with tracheal stenosis using direct coronal computed tomography

“…Furthermore, it must be noted that sometimes an ectopic right bronchus may not be diagnosed by a bronchoscopic examination. 8 TBG is useful for determining the length and severity of stenosis and will define the overall tracheobronchial configuration beyond the stenosis. However, TBG is invasive and carries a significant risk in patients with an already compromised tracheal lumen, such as tracheostenosis.…”