Ectotrophic Forest Tree Mycorrhizae and Forest Communities

Singer, Rolf; Morello, Jorge

doi:10.2307/1933331

Cited by 69 publications

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“…roots [9,10,31,45,46]. A. acuminata is associated with a number of ECM fungi belonging to the genera Russula, Lactarius, Inocybe, Laccaria, Cortinarius, Naucoria, Alpova [32,47,50]. Ectomycorrhizas are relatively specialized with a distinctive morphology and 326 A. Becerra et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

et al. 2005

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-The objective of this study was to determine patterns of ECM colonization of Andean alder at two natural forests in relation to soil parameters at two different seasons (autumn and spring). The soil parameters studied were field capacity, pH, electrical conductivity, available P, total N and organic matter. Twelve ECM morphotypes were found on A. acuminata roots. The ECM colonization varied among soil types and was affected positively by electrical conductivity. Multiple regression relationships among ECM colonization and edaphic properties variables showed no significant differences at two seasons and among soil types with respect to morphotype diversity values. Positive correlations were found between three morphotypes (Cortinarius tucumanensis, Gyrodon monticola and Russula alnijorrulensis) and soil types and two other morphotypes (Naucoria escharoides and Lactarius sp.) between two seasons. Results of this study provide evidence that ECM colonization of A. acuminata is affected by some chemical edaphic parameters and indicate that some ECM morphotypes are sensitive to changes in seasonality and soil parameters.Alnus acuminata / ectomycorrhizal diversity / Andean forest / soil type Résumé -Colonisation ectomycorrhizienne d'Alnus acuminata Kunth au nord-ouest de l'Argentine en relation avec la saison et quelques paramètres du sol. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer, au cours de deux différentes saisons (août et printemps), les modèles de colonisation de l'aulne andin dans deux forêts naturelles en relation avec quelques paramètres de sol. Les paramètres de sol étudiés étaient la capacité au champ, le pH, la conductivité électrique, le P disponible, le N total et la matière organique. Douze morphotypes de ECM ont été trouvés sur des racines de A. acuminata. La colonisation par les ECM varie en fonction des types de sols et est affectée positivement par la conductivité électrique. Les relations de régression multiple entre la colonisation de ECM et les variables de propriétés du sol n'ont montré aucune différence significative entre les deux saisons et entre les types de sol pour ce qui concerne des valeurs de diversité morphotypique. Des corrélations positives existent entre Cortinarius tucumanensis, Gyrodon monticola et Russula alnijorrulensis et les types de sol, et entre Naucoria escharoides et Lactarius sp. et les deux saisons. Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence que la colonisation de ECM de A. acuminata est affectée par quelques paramètres édaphiques chimiques et indiquent que quelques morphotypes de ECM sont sensibles aux changements des paramètres saisonniers et pédologiques.Alnus acuminata / diversité ectomycorrhizienne / forêt Andine / type de sol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

et al. 2005

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“…viridis was first noted by Frank (1888). Since then occasional references have been made in the literature to ectotrophic mycorrhizas on many species of alders, but only Favre (1948, i960) in Europe, Masui (i926)in Japan, and Singer (1953Singer ( , 1954, and Singer and Morello (i960) in South America have made detailed studies of this mycorrhizal association. Horak (1963) lists a number of mycorrhiza-forming fungi which he found associated with A. viridis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE ECTOTROPHIC MYCORRHIZAS OF ALNUS VIRIDIS (CHAIX) D.C. AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN RESPECT TO PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE

Mejstrik

Benecke

1969

New Phytologist

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“…Other reports of ectotrophic mycorrhizae in legumes are scattered and include those from Inga (24, 29) and introduced Acacia in New Zealand (22), both Mimosoideae, and others from Aldina (27,29) of the Papilionoideae and Bauhinia (30,32) (28,41) and Prunus (41), Rubiaceae [Psychotria, Brazil (27)], Sapindaceae (22,(42)(43)(44)(45), Sapotaceae [Glycoxylon, Brazil (27)], Tiliaceae [Tllka (28)], and Ulmaceae [Ulmus (28)]. …”

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Ecological and evolutionary significance of mycorrhizal symbioses in vascular plants (A Review)

Malloch

Pirozynski²,

Raven³

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

277

151

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Mycorrhizae, the symbioses between fungi and plant roots, are nearly universal in terrestrial plants and can be classified into two major types: endomycorrhizae and ectomycorrhizae. About four-fifths of all land plants form endomycorrhizae, whereas several groups of trees and shrubs, notably Pinaceae, some Cupressaceae, Fagaceae, Betulaceae, Salicaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, and most Myrtaceae form ectomycorrhizae. Among legumes, Papilionoideae and Mimosoideae have endomycorrhizae and usually form bacterial nodules. The members of the third subfamily, Caesalpinioideae, rarely form nodules, and one of the included groups, the two large, pantropical, closely related tribes Amherstieae and Detarieae, regularly form ectomycorrhizae. Nodules and ectomycorrhizae may well be alternative means of supplying organic nitrogen to the plants that form them.Those plants having endomycorrhizae usually occur in forests of high species richness, whereas those with ectomycorrhizae usually occur in forests of low species richness. The roots of ectomycorrhizal trees, however, support a large species richness of fungal symbionts, probably amounting to more than 5000 species worldwide, whereas those of endomycorrhizal trees have low fungal species richness, with only about 30 species of fungi known to be involved worldwide. Ectomycorrhizal forests are generally temperate or occur on infertile soils in the tropics. They apparently have expanded in a series of ecologically important events through the course of time from the Middle Cretaceous onward at the expense of endomycorrhizal forests.The invasion of the land by the ancestor of the vascular plants clearly seems to have been facilitated by the origin of symbiotic associations between these plants and certain "phycomycetous" fungi similar to those that are involved in endotrophic mycorrhizae at the present time (1-10). During the subsequent history of plants on land, additional kinds of fungus-plant associations have evolved in relation to the exploitation of different habitats and different population structures. The purpose of this paper is to review these associations in an ecological/evolutionary context and to explore the nature of the generalities that can be derived concerning them. Such relationships are particularly significant in view of the role of mycorrhizae in contributing to plant productivity and the consequent potential of manipulating such associations for human benefit (11). In pursuing the ecological and evolutionary patterns involved, we first review the characteristics of the different kinds of mycorrhizae.KINDS OF MYCORRHIZAE Endomycorrhiza. The fungus penetrates roots to form characteristic intracellular vesicles and arbuscles. Endomycorrhizae probably are regularly formed by about four-fifths

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Ectotrophic Forest Tree Mycorrhizae and Forest Communities

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

Ectomycorrhizal colonization of Alnus acuminata Kunth in northwestern Argentina in relation to season and soil parameters

THE ECTOTROPHIC MYCORRHIZAS OF ALNUS VIRIDIS (CHAIX) D.C. AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN RESPECT TO PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE

Ecological and evolutionary significance of mycorrhizal symbioses in vascular plants (A Review)

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