Eczema, respiratory allergies, and traffic-related air pollution in birth cohorts from small-town areas

Krämer, Ursula; Sugiri, Dorothea; Ranft, Ulrich; Krutmann, Jean; Berg, Andrea von; Berdel, Dietrich; Behrendt, Heidrun; Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.; Hochadel, Matthias; Wichmann, Heinz‐Erich; Heinrich, Joachim

doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.07.014

Cited by 107 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…As described in the introduction, results from these studies have been heterogeneous [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. For example, the Children's Health Study, based in California, USA, found an association between NO 2 exposure and asthma prevalence [4], while the Environment and Childhood Asthma study based in Oslo, Norway, found no association [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is still unclear whether long-term exposure to air pollution affects asthma prevalence (as distinct from exacerbations) in children. Published studies show heterogeneous results [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. These apparent discrepancies may arise from differences in study design, such as case definitions [14] or exposure assessment [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project

Mölter¹,

Simpson²,

Berdel³

et al. 2014

Eur Respir J

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136

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six traffic-related air pollution metrics (nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), PM2.5, coarse particulate matter and PM2.5 absorbance) on childhood asthma and wheeze prevalence in five European birth cohorts: MAAS (England, UK), BAMSE (Sweden), PIAMA (the Netherlands), GINI and LISA (both Germany, divided into north and south areas).Land-use regression models were developed for each study area and used to estimate outdoor air pollution exposure at the home address of each child. Information on asthma and current wheeze prevalence at the ages of 4-5 and 8-10 years was collected using validated questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the association between pollutant exposure and asthma within each cohort. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to combine effect estimates from individual cohorts.The meta-analyses showed no significant association between asthma prevalence and air pollution exposure (e.g. adjusted OR (95%CI) for asthma at age 8-10 years and exposure at the birth address (n=10377): 1.10 (0.81-1.49) per 10 μg·m -3 nitrogen dioxide; 0.88 (0.63-1.24) per 10 μg·m -3 PM10; 1.23 (0.78-1.95) per 5 μg·m -3 PM2.5). This result was consistently found in initial crude models, adjusted models and further sensitivity analyses.This study found no significant association between air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence in five European birth cohorts. @ERSpublications No significant association between air pollution and childhood asthma prevalence in five European birth cohorts

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project

Mölter¹,

Simpson²,

Berdel³

et al. 2014

Eur Respir J

Self Cite

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although genetic predisposition and allergic sensitization of infants to environmental factors are thought to affect the onset and severity of eczema, a reported rise in the prevalence of eczema over the last several decades suggests an increasing role for the environment in the pathogenesis of infantile eczema. Factors potentially contributing to the rising trend are linked with an increase in traffic-related outdoor pollution, higher allergen exposure, modern housing or an increase in the variety of foods consumed [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. Certain maternal characteristics and a number of perinatal conditions have been found to be important for the development of eczema.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prenatal and Perinatal Exposure to Fine Air Pollutants and Maternal Fish Consumption on the Occurrence of Infantile Eczema

Jędrychowski

Perera

Maugeri³

et al. 2011

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: As there is a scarcity of evidence on potential hazards and preventive factors for infantile eczema operating in the prenatal period, the main goal of this study was to assess the role of prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the occurrence of infant eczema jointly with the possible modulating effect of maternal fish consumption. Methods: The study sample consisted of 469 women enrolled during pregnancy, who gave birth to term babies (>36 weeks of gestation). Among all pregnant women recruited, personal measurements of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) were performed over 48 h in the second trimester of pregnancy. After delivery, every 3 months in the first year of the newborn’s life, a detailed, standardized, face-to-face interview was administered to each mother, in the process of which a trained interviewer recorded any history of infantile eczema and data on potential environmental hazards. The estimated risk of eczema related to higher prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5 >53.0 µg/m³) and postnatal ETS as well as the protective effect of maternal fish intake were adjusted for potential confounders in a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: While the separate effects of higher prenatal PM_2.5 and postnatal ETS exposure were not statistically significant, their joint effect appeared to have a significant influence on the occurrence of infantile eczema [odds ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–5.18]. With maternal fish intake of more than 205 g/week, the risk of eczema decreased by 43% (odds ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.93). The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for eczema symptoms, estimated from the Poisson regression model, was increased with both higher exposure to prenatal PM_2.5 and postnatal ETS (IRR 1.55, 95% CI 0.99–2.44) and in children of atopic mothers (IRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04–1.75) but was lower in girls (IRR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61–1.00). The observed preventive effect of fish consumption on the frequency of eczema symptoms was consistent with the results of the logistic analysis (IRR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–0.99). Conclusions: The findings indicate that higher prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter combined with postnatal exposure to ETS may increase the risk of infant eczema, while maternal fish intake during pregnancy may reduce the risk of infantile eczema.

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“…Eczema prevalence was significantly higher in children who lived in traffic-related, highly polluted areas. 31 Mechanisms implicated in the association between air pollution and paediatric asthma include the up-regulation of allergic immune responses, activation of oxidative stress pathways, and epigenetic regulation.…”

Section: Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for allergy prevention in Hong Kong

et al. 2016

Hong Kong Med J

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Eczema, respiratory allergies, and traffic-related air pollution in birth cohorts from small-town areas

Cited by 107 publications

References 39 publications

A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project

A multicentre study of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma prevalence: the ESCAPE project

Effects of Prenatal and Perinatal Exposure to Fine Air Pollutants and Maternal Fish Consumption on the Occurrence of Infantile Eczema

Guidelines for allergy prevention in Hong Kong

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