Edaphic and light conditions of sympatric plant morphotypes in western Amazonia

Roncal, Julissa

doi:10.3897/bdj.2.e1078

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This may suggest that species of Geonoma are differentiated on resource axes other than edaphic conditions (e.g. light) (Chazdon, 1991;Roncal, 2014), which may also be consistent with our findings. In fact, Roncal et al (2012) found phylogenetic signal in some morphological characters of Geonoma species but not for characters with clear relationships to edaphic conditions.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Patterns Are Dominated By Small-sized Habitat Ssupporting

confidence: 90%

Soil fertility and flood regime are correlated with phylogenetic structure of Amazonian palm communities

et al. 2018

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• Background and Aims Identifying the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity requires understanding of how evolutionary processes interact with abiotic conditions to structure communities. Edaphic gradients are strongly associated with floristic patterns but, compared with climatic gradients, have received relatively little attention. We asked (1) How does the phylogenetic composition of palm communities vary along edaphic gradients within major habitat types? and (2) To what extent are phylogenetic patterns determined by (a) habitat specialists, (b) small versus large palms, and (c) hyperdiverse genera? • Methods We paired data on palm community composition from 501 transects of 0.25 ha located in two main habitat types (non-inundated uplands and seasonally inundated floodplains) in western Amazonian rain forests with information on soil chemistry, climate, phylogeny and metrics of plant size. We focused on exchangeable base concentration (cmol + kg −1) as a metric of soil fertility and a floristic index of inundation intensity. We used a null model approach to quantify the standard effect size of mean phylogenetic distance for each transect (a metric of phylogenetic community composition) and related this value to edaphic variables using generalized linear mixed models, including a term for spatial autocorrelation. • Key Results Overall, we recorded 112 008 individuals belonging to 110 species. Palm communities in non-inundated upland transects (but not floodplain transects) were more phylogenetically clustered in areas of low soil fertility, measured as exchangeable base concentration. In contrast, floodplain transects with more severe flood regimes (as inferred from floristic structure) tended to be phylogenetically clustered. Nearly half of the species recorded (44 %) were upland specialists while 18 % were floodplain specialists. In both habitat types, phylogenetic clustering was largely due to the co-occurrence of small-sized habitat specialists belonging to two hyperdiverse genera (Bactris and Geonoma). • Conclusions Edaphic conditions are associated with the phylogenetic community structure of palms across western Amazonia, and different factors (specifically, soil fertility and inundation intensity) appear to underlie diversity patterns in non-inundated upland versus floodplain habitats. By linking edaphic gradients with palm community phylogenetic structure, our study reinforces the need to integrate edaphic conditions in eco-evolutionary studies in order to better understand the processes that generate and maintain tropical forest diversity. Our results suggest a role for edaphic niche conservatism in the evolution and distribution of Amazonian palms, a finding with potential relevance for other clades.

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Section: Phylogenetic Patterns Are Dominated By Small-sized Habitat Ssupporting

confidence: 90%

Soil fertility and flood regime are correlated with phylogenetic structure of Amazonian palm communities

et al. 2018

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“…In addition to vertical light heterogeneity, the horizontal light heterogeneity in a forest also has a major influence on forest dynamics. In the understorey, horizontal light heterogeneity, which is strongly associated with the presence of canopy gaps (Roncal, 2014 ), influences the patterns of recruitment, growth, and survival of tree seedlings and saplings, even at the scale of a few square meters (Jin et al, 2018 ). In the canopy layer, horizontal light heterogeneity may be associated with crown development patterns because canopy trees tend to expand their crowns toward a better light environment (Muth & Bazzaz, 2002 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity along gradients of secondary succession in cool‐ and warm‐temperate forests

Matsuo

Hiura

Onoda

2022

J Vegetation Science

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Aims Light availability varies drastically in forests, both vertically and horizontally. Vertical light heterogeneity (i.e., patterns of light attenuation from the forest canopy to the floor) may be related to light competition among trees, while horizontal light heterogeneity (i.e., variations in light intensity at a given height within forests) may be associated with light‐niche partitioning among tree species. However, light heterogeneity in vertical and horizontal directions and their associations with forest structure are rarely studied to date. Here we report the first comprehensive study to compare the vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity in differently aged forests in two forest types. Location Twelve forest stands of different ages in cool‐temperate forests (consisting of deciduous broad‐leaved trees) and five of different ages in warm‐temperate forests (evergreen conifer and deciduous broad‐leaved trees) in Japan. Methods We measured vertical light profiles at 1‐m intervals from the understorey (1 m above the ground) to the top canopy (12–22 m depending on stands) at 16 locations for each stand (20 m × 20 m). We also measured structural parameters (diameter at breast height, height, and crown dimensions) for all major trees in these stands. Results Along the secondary successional gradients, the vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity changed in a systematic manner in both forests. The vertical light attenuation rate was steeper in early succession and more gradual in late succession, and the horizontal light heterogeneity was relatively small in early succession and more pronounced in late succession. The vertical light attenuation rate was different between the two forest types; the light intensity dropped more sharply from the canopy surface in the cool‐temperate forests due to the crown being vertically shorter and denser (i.e., higher leaf density per unit volume). Conclusion In early succession, a steeper light attenuation rate is likely related to the strong light competition among co‐occurring trees and thus a self‐thinning process. In late succession, the high spatial light heterogeneity in forests (i.e., larger horizontal light heterogeneity and gradual light attenuation rate) may allow more species to partition light, and thus may enhance species coexistence and diversity.

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Edaphic and light conditions of sympatric plant morphotypes in western Amazonia

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Soil fertility and flood regime are correlated with phylogenetic structure of Amazonian palm communities

Soil fertility and flood regime are correlated with phylogenetic structure of Amazonian palm communities

Vertical and horizontal light heterogeneity along gradients of secondary succession in cool‐ and warm‐temperate forests

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