Eddy Current–Tunneling Magneto-Resistive Sensor for Micromotion Detection of a Tibial Orthopaedic Implant

Khokle, Rajas; Franco, Fernando; Cardoso, S.; Heimlich, Michael; Bokor, Desmond J.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2018.2881957

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this study, excitation and acquisition were percutaneous, but at significantly less implantation depth (<2 mm) than the 12 mm range presented here. Inductive sensors have also recently been proposed to measure micromotion between the implant and the bone [10], [23], primarily for cementless arthroplasty. A biological threshold for micromotion has been widely reported for cementless arthroplasty, above which bone formation is adversely affected and loosening initiates [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thomas A.G. Hall, Frederic Cegla, and Richard J. van Arkel are with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, accelerometers [9], and displacement sensors [10]. These smart implants have sought to measure forces, moments, and kinematics, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smart implant concepts posited to detect loosening include analyses of vibrations using embedded accelerometers and transducers [9], [15]- [21] and of micromotions using embedded displacement sensors [10], [22], [23]. However, none have permeated into clinical practice which may be due to the significant modifications to implant architecture often required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simple Smart Implants: Simultaneous Monitoring of Loosening and Temperature in Orthopaedics With an Embedded Ultrasound Transducer

Hall

Cegla

Arkel

2021

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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Implant failure can have devastating consequences on patient outcomes following joint replacement. Time to diagnosis affects subsequent treatment success, but current diagnostics do not give early warning and lack accuracy. This research proposes an embedded ultrasound system to monitor implant fixation and temperaturea potential indicator of infection. Requiring only two implanted components: a piezoelectric transducer and a coil, pulse-echo responses are elicited via a three-coil inductive link. This passive system avoids the need for batteries, energy harvesters, and microprocessors, resulting in minimal changes to existing implant architecture. Proof-of-concept was demonstrated in vitro for a titanium plate cemented into synthetic bone, using a small embedded coil with 10mm diameter. Gross looseningsimulated by completely debonding the implant-cement interfacewas detectable with 95% confidence at up to 12 mm implantation depth. Temperature was calibrated with root mean square error of 0.19 o C at 5 mm, with measurements accurate to ±1 o C with 95% confidence up to 6 mm implantation depth. These data demonstrate that with only a transducer and coil implanted, it is possible to measure fixation and temperature simultaneously. This simple smart implant approach minimises the need to modify well-established implant designs, and hence could enable mass-market adoption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simple Smart Implants: Simultaneous Monitoring of Loosening and Temperature in Orthopaedics With an Embedded Ultrasound Transducer

Hall

Cegla

Arkel

2021

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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“…TMR sensors were also suggested for the detection of implants. Khokle et al described the high-resolution detection of the micromotion of an orthopedic implant by an eddy current loop coupled with a TMR sensor, enabling the in vivo detection of these micromotions to reduce revision surgeries after the mechanical failure of an implant [138].…”

Section: Tunnel Magnetoresistance Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oliveros Mata et al showed that an AMR sensor printed using a magnetic paste of Py/Ta flakes and an SBS copolymer on a thin polymer film could detect sub-mT magnetic fields and did not even change its magnetoresistive properties after TMR sensors were also suggested for the detection of implants. Khokle et al described the high-resolution detection of the micromotion of an orthopedic implant by an eddy current loop coupled with a TMR sensor, enabling the in vivo detection of these micromotions to reduce revision surgeries after the mechanical failure of an implant [138].…”

Section: Anisotropic Magnetoresistance Health Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Micro and Nano Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring

Blachowicz,

Kola,

Ehrmann

et al. 2024

Micro

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Magnetic micro and nano sensors can be used in a broad variety of applications, e.g., for navigation, automotives, smartphones and also for health monitoring. Based on physical effects such as the well-known magnetic induction, the Hall effect, tunnel magnetoresistance and giant magnetoresistance, they can be used to measure positions, flow, pressure and other physical properties. In biomedicine and healthcare, these miniaturized sensors can be either integrated into garments and other wearables, be directed through the body by passive capsules or active micro-robots or be implanted, which usually necessitates bio-functionalization and avoiding cell-toxic materials. This review describes the physical effects that can be applied in these sensors and discusses the most recent micro and nano sensors developed for healthcare applications.

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Feasibility Study on Subcutaneously Implanted Devices in Male Rodents for Cardiovascular Assessment Through Near‐Field Communication Interface

Rosa

Anastasova

Yang

2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Monitoring of intrabody cardiovascular parameters can benefit from implantation of miniature devices close to anatomical targets, thereby surpassing signal attenuation problems related to the propagation toward body surface while allowing localized sensing at the target site with higher precision. With proper electronic miniaturization, packaging, robustness, and power consumption reduction, such devices can harvest enough energy from the surrounding environment for proper operation. Herein, a near‐field communication (NFC)‐powered implantable device with acquisition channels for electrocardiogram, arterial pulse, and temperature measurements is introduced. It has been successfully deployed inside rodents for a 72‐h trial period to assess external powering and data communication in living animals. Experimental results obtained by this device demonstrate the potential for providing more reliable diagnostic information than that of external wearable devices.

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Eddy Current–Tunneling Magneto-Resistive Sensor for Micromotion Detection of a Tibial Orthopaedic Implant

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Simple Smart Implants: Simultaneous Monitoring of Loosening and Temperature in Orthopaedics With an Embedded Ultrasound Transducer

Simple Smart Implants: Simultaneous Monitoring of Loosening and Temperature in Orthopaedics With an Embedded Ultrasound Transducer

Magnetic Micro and Nano Sensors for Continuous Health Monitoring

Feasibility Study on Subcutaneously Implanted Devices in Male Rodents for Cardiovascular Assessment Through Near‐Field Communication Interface

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