Edge of chaos in rule-changing cellular automata

Modelling and knowledge transfer in complexity science

“…The generation of a model through the use of a genetic algorithm is clearly not based on the use of governing theory and empirical knowledge about a target system. This is also evident in the works cited in this section (e.g., Packard and Wolfram, 1985;Langton, 1990;Chambers, 1995;Mori et al, 1998), which do not mention any specific target systems for the models they obtain. Accordingly, I maintain (i) that the use of genetic algorithms is a way of horizontal model construction and (ii) that, like rule space parsing, it constitutes a significant part of the modelling activity in complexity science.…”

“…More recent studies in genetic modelling do not just use meta-rule sets that evolve the dynamics of a model towards certain phenomenologies but also update the rule sets according to meta-rules that are based on the maximization of different features, e.g., Mori et al (1998), use a meta-rule set that relies on a parameterization of the frequency with which changes in the state of a cell lead to changes in its nearest-neighbours' states.…”

“…For example, Wolfram (1983b) introduces a classification scheme for CAs, which sorts these models into four classes based on their behaviour: homogeneous (class I), periodic (class II), chaotic (class III), and complex (class IV). The scheme has been used in later works by the same author (e.g., Wolfram, 1984Wolfram, , 2002 and has also been widely adopted in the complexity science community (e.g., Langton, 1990;Packard and Wolfram, 1985;Mori et al, 1998).…”

Analysis and Visualization of Seismic Data Using Mutual Information

“…In particular, mutual information is adopted as a general measure of correlation between two systems. Mutual information, as well as entropy, have found significance in various applications in diverse fields, such as in analyzing experimental time series [37][38][39], in characterizing symbol sequences such as DNA sequences [40][41][42] and in providing a theoretical basis for the notion of complexity [43][44][45][46][47], just to name a few.…”