Abstract:The low electrocatalytic activity of pristine graphite felt (GF) electrodes toward V(II)/V(III) and V(IV)/V(V) redox couples is a major concern in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). For overcoming this challenge, herein a novel composite electrode is proposed comprising of two components: multidimensional frame carbon (MFC) derived from edge‐rich carbon and GF that serves as the frame for the in situ growth of MFC. The high electrocatalytic activity, rapid charge migration, and reduced local current emanat… Show more
“…In each spectrum, the D band (1335 cm −1 ) and G band (1581 cm −1 ) represent disordered carbon and graphitic carbon, respectively, in the lattice structure. 48 The G band in MX-5@PCNF is more intense than the G band in pristine carbon nanofibers (CNFs) carbonized at 700 °C. Furthermore, we observed that the I D / I G ratio of MX-5@PCNF ( I D / I G = 0.99) is lower than the I D / I G ratio of CNF ( I D / I G = 1.15), which signifies a higher degree of graphitization in MX-5@PCNF than in CNF.…”
Ti3C2Tx MXene-integrated porous carbon nanofiber freestanding/flexible electrodes are engineered and the optimized MX-5@PCNF is used for the fabrication of flexible symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitor devices with high energy density.
“…In each spectrum, the D band (1335 cm −1 ) and G band (1581 cm −1 ) represent disordered carbon and graphitic carbon, respectively, in the lattice structure. 48 The G band in MX-5@PCNF is more intense than the G band in pristine carbon nanofibers (CNFs) carbonized at 700 °C. Furthermore, we observed that the I D / I G ratio of MX-5@PCNF ( I D / I G = 0.99) is lower than the I D / I G ratio of CNF ( I D / I G = 1.15), which signifies a higher degree of graphitization in MX-5@PCNF than in CNF.…”
Ti3C2Tx MXene-integrated porous carbon nanofiber freestanding/flexible electrodes are engineered and the optimized MX-5@PCNF is used for the fabrication of flexible symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitor devices with high energy density.
“…Y. G. Guo et al also proposed a novel edge-rich multidimensional framework carbon (MFC) composite electrode composed of carbon nanoparticles (0D), carbon nanosheets (2D) and continuous carbon networks (3D). [67] The MFC composite electrode readily absorbed vanadium ions and acquired more reaction sites in the multi-dimensional structure, which not only exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for V 2 + /V 3 + and VO 2 + / VO 2 + redox couples, but also hindered the hydrogen evolution reaction. As shown in Figure 5(g-k), J.K. Kim et al fabricated porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) as VFB electrodes by electrospinning.…”
At present, the traditional CF and GF product need to go through processes such as spinning, oxidation, carbonization, graphitization, surface treatment, and sizing. [7a,55] The process flow is various and complicated, and further performance Review
“…[14] Particularly, vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), which use same element as redoxactive species for positive and negative half-cells, have attracted wide attention in the past two decades primarily because of the elimination of cross-contamination issue. [15][16][17] Porous electrode, where convection-diffusion-reaction processes simultaneously occur, is one of the vital components of VRFBs, significantly affecting the cell performance. [18][19][20] Present-ly, the most investigated and used electrodes in VRFBs are carbon fibrous electrodes, including carbon felt, cloth and paper.…”
In the present work, a flexible carbon sponge is experimentally characterized and proposed as an alternative electrode for advanced vanadium redox flow batteries. Such an electrode is prepared via directly carbonizing the commercially-available and inexpensive melamine formaldehyde resin sponge in argon, to inherit the welldefined and three-dimensional bi-continuous architecture of the melamine sponge with 99.6% porosity and 40 μm average pore size. By applying the carbon sponges as the electrodes, it is demonstrated that the vanadium flow battery at 200 mA cm À 2 can yield an energy efficiency of 77.9%, significantly higher than that with commonly-used graphite felt electrodes (72.9%). After a thermal treatment in air, the energy efficiency of carbon sponge can further be improved to 81.2% at mA cm À 2 due to introduction of favorable oxygen containing functionalities. The operating stability with the carbon sponge is proven by a 200 cycling test with minor efficiency decay.
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