Edible Films and Coatings Formulated with Arrowroot Starch as a Non-Conventional Starch Source for Plums Packaging

Abstract

Increasing environmental awareness has promoted an interest in alternative strategies to common plastics obtained from fossil sources, stimulating research on the use of biodegradable and edible films/coatings obtained from renewable sources such as arrowroot starch. This research work aimed to evaluate the use of arrowroot starch on the formation of edible films and coatings. Increasing the concentration of arrowroot starch (from 1% to 5%, mass/mass) in the film produced by casting resulted in increased water vapor permeability (from 2.20 to 3.68 g mm/m2 day kPa), moisture content (3.22% to 7.95%), increased thickness (from 0.029 to 0.101 mm), and decreased solubility in water (from 22.45% to 13.89%). The films were homogeneous, transparent and manageable, with the exception of the film with 1% starch. Film-forming solutions at concentrations of 0%, 2%, and 4% (mass/mass) of arrowroot starch were prepared and applied to plums to evaluate post-harvest behavior when stored at 25 and 5 °C for 35 days. The 2% coating adhered well to the plums’ surfaces, was bright and was effective in reducing mass loss and respiratory rate, associated with storage temperature of 5 °C. The 4% coating presented an opaque and flocculated appearance.

Recent Developments in Edible Films and Coatings for Fruits and Vegetables

“…Furthermore, these edible films and coatings exhibited good film-forming capacity, with homogeneous, transparent, and manageable appearances. The 2% coating indicated good adhesion, the successful minimization of moisture loss, and control of the respiration rate [205]. In another study, the rheological properties of corn starch methylcellulose and glycerol edible films and coatings exhibited high total viscoelastic recovery at a high shear rate, similar to entangled polymer dispersions, due to the interactions of topological entanglements and dispersion stability [206].…”

“…Edible films of highly carboxymethylated starch (HCMS) plasticized using sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, and glycerol showed reduced WVTR and decreased solubility with increasing plasticizer concentration [202][203][204]. Edible films and coatings have been developed from non-conventional arrowroot starch using the casting method prepared for plum packaging [205]. Results displayed an increase in WVP, from 2.20 to 3.68 g mm/m 2 day kPa, an increase in moisture content from 3.22% to 7.95%, and a decrease in solubility in water from 22.45% to 13.89%, delivering extended post-harvesting preservation up to 35 days [205].…”

“…Edible films and coatings have been developed from non-conventional arrowroot starch using the casting method prepared for plum packaging [205]. Results displayed an increase in WVP, from 2.20 to 3.68 g mm/m 2 day kPa, an increase in moisture content from 3.22% to 7.95%, and a decrease in solubility in water from 22.45% to 13.89%, delivering extended post-harvesting preservation up to 35 days [205]. Furthermore, these edible films and coatings exhibited good film-forming capacity, with homogeneous, transparent, and manageable appearances.…”

Ararot (Maranta Arundinacea L.) Ri̇zomlarinin Fi̇toki̇myasal, Tibbi̇ Ve Besi̇nsel Özelli̇kleri̇ Ve Çeşi̇tli̇ Kullanimlari

“…Nişasta bileşimi (amiloz/amilopektin oranı) biyolojik kaynağa göre değişen, farklı yapı ve işlevlere sahip iki tür glikoz polimeri olan amiloz ve amilopektinden oluşan, bitkisel enerji rezervi bir polisakkarittir [8,14,42]. Amilopektin oldukça dallanmış α-1-6 bağlantısıyla bağlanan çok sayıda kısa (1-4)-α-D-glukan zincirinden yapılmış bir moleküldür [8,14] ve suda daha az çözünür [42]. Amiloz, α-1-4 bağıyla bağlanan glikoz birimlerinden oluşan doğrusal bir moleküldür [8,14].…”

“…Nişasta düşük maliyeti, bolluğu, yenilenebilir olması ve çok çeşitli ham maddelerde bulunması nedeniyle dikkat çekici olup [14,20,22,43] selülozdan sonra ikinci en büyük biyokütle kaynağıdır [20]. Mısır, cassava [42,[44][45][46], buğday, pirinç [42,45,46], patates, ararot ve sago [45,46] ticari sektörde kullanılan başlıca nişasta kaynaklarıdır. Nişasta; gıda, tekstil ve kâğıt endüstrilerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır [6,10,45].…”