Edible Insects: A Historical and Cultural Perspective on Entomophagy with a Focus on Western Societies

Abstract

The relationship between insects and humans throughout history has always been complex and multifaceted. Insects are both a source of fascination and fear for humans and have played important roles in human culture, economy, and health. Nowadays, there is growing interest in using insects as a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of protein and other nutrients. Entomophagy can be seen as a new opportunity for the food industry and global food security. In fact, insects require far fewer resources than traditional livestock, and there are many references to insect consumption in human history. The ancient Romans are known to have eaten various insects, including beetles, caterpillars, and locusts. Insects such as crickets, grasshoppers, and ants have been eaten for centuries and are still considered a delicacy in many parts of the world, especially in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania. Entomophagy has, thus, been a part of human history for thousands of years and continues to be an important food habit for many people around the world. These topics are explored in this article from a historical and cultural perspective (e.g., ecological, nutritional, spiritual, and socio-psychological), with a focus on the progressive acceptance of edible insects in Western societies, since this novel food has also its roots in the Western world.

Improving Human Diets and Welfare through Using Herbivore-Based Foods: 1. Human and Animal Perspectives

“…Insects have been identified as another protein substitute for human consumption. Entomophagy, the consumption of insects, has a long history and has been common practice in many cultures [109]. Nutritionally, insects are a source of protein, vitamins, and minerals [110], although the nutritional value can vary between insect species and their stage of development [111].…”

Cultural Landscapes: Exploring the Imprint of the Roman Empire on Modern Identities

“…Gardens also had practical applications in food production. Romans cultivated fruit trees, vegetables, and herbs in their gardens, reflecting their knowledge of horticulture and agricultural practices [36,42]. Some gardens had religious or symbolic significance, featuring sacred groves or shrines dedicated to various deities.…”

Unlocking the Potential of Insect-Based Proteins: Sustainable Solutions for Global Food Security and Nutrition

“…Entomophagy, the practice of eating insects, has been a part of human diets for millennia, particularly in parts of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Oceania, where insects are often considered delicacies or staple foods due to their nutritional benefits, abundance, and cultural significance [ 71 ]. However, in Western societies, there is a cultural aversion to entomophagy, often seen as a disgusting practice, which presents a barrier to its acceptance as a sustainable and nutritious food source [ 72 , 73 ].…”

“…Cultural and social stigmas against insect consumption are being challenged by promoting entomophagy as a sustainable and nutritious food source in Western societies [ 71 ]. Factors influencing the acceptance of entomophagy in Western cultures include taste, health perceptions, price, and knowledge about the environmental and nutritional advantages of insects [ 74 , 75 ].…”