Editorial: Advances of Neuroimaging and Data Analysis

Abstract

Editorial on the Research Topic Advances of Neuroimaging and Data AnalysisNeuroimaging is a discipline that studies the structure and function of the nervous system by means of imaging technology, and where the images of the brain can be obtained in a non-invasive way. It explores a series of mechanisms such as cognition, information processing, and brain changes in the pathological state. In recent years, the neuroimaging has developed rapidly and become a powerful tool for medical research and diagnosis. With the increasing prevalence of neurological diseases, higher requirements have been put forward for neuroimaging technology and subsequent data analysis, and many advances have been made in this field. Now, we will briefly summarize the cutting-edge progress in the theme of "neuroimaging and data analysis." A total of 16 papers have been published on this topic. They were presented from different countries, including China, USA, Germany, Italy, Brazil, and so on, and they involve novel neuroimaging technology, neuroimaging analysis, clinical diagnosis, and mechanism research. Accordingly, we divide these studies into three sub-topics.The four papers in the first part of this special issue focused on the practice and development of cerebral hemodynamics in healthy elite athletes and patients, including the exploration of the clinical mechanisms and the discovery of new markers for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Bao et al. reported that by utilizing functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) technology, they realized that fatiguing aerobic exercise changed the cerebral blood supply in the brain and had no significant effect on the ability of the brain to extract oxygenation. Their study provides essential values for the evaluation of anaerobic exercise in sports science and clinics, suggesting that it is meant to establish the CBF and OEF as novel markers for physical and physiological function. Yan et al. assessed the cerebral hemodynamic variations, including bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV), pulsatility index (PI), and blood pressure (BP), in unilateral carotid artery stenosis patients with or without Contralateral Carotid Occlusion (CCO) in hours following carotid artery stenting (CAS) using transcranial doppler (TCD) and transcranial doppler color code (TCCD). In particular, they suggested that CCO was a factor of the increased blood flow velocity in ipsilateral MCA after unilateral CAS. Early identification of high-risk patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) using imaging techniques is essential for administering the proper medications to treat or prevent TIA and the consequent stroke, which will improve the clinical diagnosis of TIA. Thus, Wang et al. explored the probability and related influencing factors of MR Hypoperfusion abnormalities in Chinese patients with transient ischemic attack and normal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings. Sheng et al. characterized the quantitative DTI-derived diffusion, and DSC-derived perfusion parameter changes underlying d...

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