Editorial: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - advances in epidemiology, diagnostics, treatments, host-directed therapies, pathogenesis, vaccines, and ongoing challenges

Zumla, Alimuddin; Hui, David Shu-Cheong

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000872

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…We are now in the best position to restrict COVID-19 due to the diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments that have emerged over the recent years [9] . Vaccination against COVID-19 is an important measure to prevent and control this epidemic [10] , [11] , [12] . It typically takes a few weeks after COVID-19 vaccination for the body to produce the “memory” T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes that will remember how to fight that SARS-CoV-2 virus in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China

Li,

Duan,

Jiang

et al. 2023

International Immunopharmacology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China

Li,

Duan,

Jiang

et al. 2023

International Immunopharmacology

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Substitution spectra of SARS-CoV-2 genome from Pakistan reveals insights into the evolution of variants across the pandemic

Ashraf,

Bukhari,

Kanji

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Changing morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19 across the pandemic has been linked with factors such as the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccination. Mutations in the Spike glycoprotein enhanced viral transmission and virulence. We investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 mutation rates and entropy were associated COVID-19 in Pakistan, before and after the introduction of vaccinations. We analyzed 1,705 SARS-CoV-2 genomes using the Augur phylogenetic pipeline. Substitution rates and entropy across the genome, and in the Spike glycoprotein were compared between 2020, 2021 and 2022 (as periods A, B and C). Mortality was greatest in B whilst cases were highest during C. In period A, G clades were predominant, and substitution rate was 5.25 × 10–4 per site per year. In B, Delta variants dominated, and substitution rates increased to 9.74 × 10–4. In C, Omicron variants led to substitution rates of 5.02 × 10–4. Genome-wide entropy was the highest during B particularly, at Spike E484K and K417N. During C, genome-wide mutations increased whilst entropy was reduced. Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 genome substitution rates were associated with a period when more virulent SARS-CoV-2 variants were prevalent. Reduced substitution rates and stabilization of genome entropy was subsequently evident when vaccinations were introduced. Whole genome entropy analysis can help predict virus evolution to guide public health interventions.

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Editorial: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) - advances in epidemiology, diagnostics, treatments, host-directed therapies, pathogenesis, vaccines, and ongoing challenges

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China

Vaccination increased host antiviral gene expression and reduced COVID-19 severity during the Omicron variant outbreak in Fuyang City, China

Substitution spectra of SARS-CoV-2 genome from Pakistan reveals insights into the evolution of variants across the pandemic

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