Editorial [Hot Topic:Anti-Cancer-Drugs (Executive Editor: E. Bergmann-Leitner)]

Abstract

Cyclosarin is one member of nerve agent family. Recent treatment of intoxications by organophosphorus compounds, such as nerve agents or pesticides, consists of rapid administration of anticholinergics and AChE reactivators. Owing to the threat of terroristic use of these compounds during last years, improvement of antidotal therapy still continues. As the part of the development of new antidotes, many new AChE reactivators were synthesized and currently some of them are under consideration for introducing them to the medical practice. Their biological activity depends, as in the case of other drugs, on their chemical structure, which affects their pharmacokinetics (adsorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and pharmacodynamics. In this review, we would like to discuss relationship between structure of currently available AChE reactivators and their potency to reactivate cyclosarin-inhibited AChE. All outlined structural factors presented in this work should be helpful for the design of new generation of reactivators of cyclosarin-inhibited AChE.

A comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of leading oxime therapies in guinea pigs exposed to organophosphorus chemical warfare agents or pesticides

“…The currently fielded oximes 2-PAM Cl (USA, UK, France), obidoxime Cl 2 (LüH-6; Germany, Netherlands), TMB-4 (trimedoxime bromide; Israel), and HI-6 DMS (Canada, Sweden) are efficacious against specific OP CWNAs (Antonijevic and Stojiljkovic, 2007; Bajgar, 2004; 2009; 2010; Cabal et al, 2004; Calic et al, 2006; Delfino et al, 2009; Eyer et al, 2008; Kassa, 1998; 2002; 2005; Kuca et al, 2007a; Kuca et al, 2009; Lundy et al, 2006). Although there are few studies assessing the efficacies of oximes against OP pesticides, obidoxime Cl 2 is currently regarded as the most efficacious against pesticides (Worek et al, 2007).…”