Editorial review on Vol. 7 No. 1

Abstract

The articles in this issue (Volume 7 Issue 1 of Trends in Immunotherapy) are mainly review-type articles, and the sources of the articles are mainly scholars in the medical field from all over the world. The content includes research on immune-related diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis, new targeted cancer treatments, breast cancer, lung cancer, allergic conjunctivitis, new methods of allergen-specific immunotherapy, dental 3D printing, and childhood epilepsy. Immunotherapy refers to disease treatments that induce, enhance, or suppress immune responses. This issue discusses new approaches to allergen-specific immunotherapy. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is used to treat allergic diseases in which symptoms persist despite the use of medications and allergen avoidance. Sakshi et al. [1] highlighted defined molecular approaches to improve the potential of specific immunotherapy using recombinant allergen derivatives, allergen-derived peptides, virus-conjugated allergens, nanoparticles and specific adjuvants. This issue also explores the role of β-hydroxybutyric acid (β-HBA) in energy metabolism in cancer treatment, which can become a new type of targeted cancer therapy according to Jianshe Yang et al. from Tongji University School of Medicine [2] . In the article "Screen natural terpenoids to identify potential Jab1 inhibitors for treating breast cancer" [3] , the authors explored the inhibitory potential of natural terpenoid inhibitors against Jab1 in breast cancer. The corresponding author, Fahad Khan, is a highly motivated and innovative biotechnologist with specialization in animal cell culture, cancer biology, phytomedicine and molecular biology, with 17,111 Sum of Times Cited referred to WoS. Focusing on lung cancer and the ACE2 receptor, the use of nanomedicine in formulating a novel targeted cancer treatment strategy directed at the ACE2 receptor was elaborated by Sivalingam and Singh [4] . In this issue, the authors Singh et al. [5] from India discuss the available treatment options for allergic conjunctivitis and potential targets for treatment based on several previously published studies. They also explore the relationship between conjunctivitis and COVID-19, as well as recent patents and research. In addition, when examining the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, Engin and Özdemir [6] from Turkey found that cell senescence plays an important role. Lung fibroblasts play an active role in the regeneration process; despite this useful information, the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis is unclear and remains to be explored in future studies.