Editorial (Thematic Issue: Advance of Interactions Between Exogenous Natural Bioactive Peptides and Intestinal Barrier and Immune Responses)

Wang, Wenhui; Yang, Qianying; Sun, Zhixun; Chen, Xiyue; Yang, Cong; Ma, Xi

doi:10.2174/138920371607150810124927

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The intestinal lumen is colonized by dense, dynamic, and highly complex mixtures, which originate from endogenous and exogenous sources. Bacteria are the major components of these highly diverse communities of microorganisms, contributing at least 500 to 1000 species (Demain, 2000;Sears, 2005) and more than 10 14 cells (Theriot, & Young, 2015;Chen et al, 2015) in a mammalian body. Certain CRF3-2018-0174 Submitted 7/31/2018, Accepted 9/29/2018 Biochemistry,Univ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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192

122

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Dietary amino acids (AAs) are not only absorbed and metabolized by enterocytes but also available to the microbiota in the gut in mammals. In addition to serving as the materials for protein synthesis, AAs can act as precursors for numerous metabolic end products in reactions involving the intestinal mucosa and microbiota. After penetrating the epithelial barrier, microbial metabolites can enter and accumulate in the host circulatory system, where they are sensed by immune cells and then elicit a wide range of biological functions via different receptors and mechanisms. Some intestinal bacteria can also synthesize certain AAs, implying that the exchange of AAs between hosts and microorganisms is bidirectional. Changes in AA composition and abundance can affect AA‐metabolizing bacterial communities and modulate macrophages and dendritic cells via toll‐like receptors (TLRs), autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2), and NOD‐like receptors (NLRs), and also regulate the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), serotonin/5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), and other signaling pathways, all of which play critical roles in regulating the intestinal mucosal immunity and microbiota directly or indirectly, contributing to intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, the current findings of the effects of certain functional AAs on the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis are reviewed, illustrating signaling pathways of tryptophan (Trp), glutamine (Gln), methionine (Met), and branched‐chain AAs (BCAAs) in the intestinal barrier and regarding immunity via crosstalk with their receptors or ligands. These findings have shed light on the clinical applications of dietary AAs in improving gut microbiota and mucosal immunity, therefore benefiting the gut as well as local and systemic health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

Self Cite

192

122

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“…Actually, mycotoxins rarely reach the distal small intestine and the colon, thus the proximal parts of the small intestine is the most prominent site of the absorption of mycotoxins and also the major site of antiseptics to act on [ 4 ]. However, the distal intestine will also be injured by the basolateral parts of enterocytes after the portal and systemic circulation [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethyl fumarate reduces the risk of mycotoxins via improving intestinal barrier and microbiota

Xie

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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The effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on mycotoxins and animal growth performance are well documented. However, its mechanism of anti-mildew effects is still unknown. The current study investigated how DMF detoxified the mycotoxin and improved the growth performance using BALB/c mice model, especially its effects on intestinal barrier function and gut micro-ecology. Our study also compared with the ultraviolet radiation (UR) treatment, a traditional anti-mildew control (TC). The results indicated that the DMF treatment had a lower contents of mycotoxin, better growth performance and improved mucosal morphology (P < 0.05), accompanied with the decreased intestinal permeability and the tighter gut barrier. Moreover, the efficiency of DMF was better than TC (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the richness and diversity of bacteria was increased in DMF treatment. The most abundant OTUs belonged to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and their changes in DMF were more moderate than the TC group, suggesting a more stable micro-ecology and the positive impact of DMF on the biodiversity of intestine. Specifically, the increased abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as Gemella, Roseburia, Bacillus and Bacteroides in DMF group and prebiotics such as Lactobacillus in TC group, suggested a more healthier microbial composition and distribution. These findings supported that DMF had significant effects on animal's growth performance and intestinal barrier function by modulating the pathway of nutrient absorption and increasing the diversity and balance of gut microbes, which also illuminate that DMF is more efficient than traditional anti-mildew method.

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“…The accumulation of oxidative radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tissue reactive nitrogen species (RNS) causes DNA damage and also destroys lipids and other essential cellular macromolecules (Langie et al., ), which could then induce cell apoptosis leading the death of intestinal epithelial cells, and eventually leads to increased intestinal permeability and diarrhoea. It is reported that a dietary additive that can effectively repress this oxidative stress could potentially relieve post‐weaning diarrhoea (Michiels et al., ; Wang et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplemental lipoic acid relieves post‐weaning diarrhoea by decreasing intestinal permeability in rats

Fan

Tan

Jin

et al. 2015

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Lipoic acid (LA) is a naturally existing substance which widely distributed in the cellular membranes and cytosol of animal cells. Its intracellular functions include quenching of free radicals and repairing oxidized proteins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of LA on post-weaning diarrhoea using a rat model. Sixty weaned rats were fed either a basal diet or a LA-supplemented diet, or a zinc oxide (ZnO)-supplemented diet as a positive control. Rats in the LA and ZnO groups had better performance and reduced incidence of diarrhoea (p < 0.05). Both LA and ZnO treatments enhanced intestinal homeostatic and architecture, significantly decreased urinary lactulose to mannitol ratios (p < 0.05) and increased the expression of the intestinal mucosal tight junction proteins occludin (OCLN) and zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) (p < 0.05). LA significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced glutathione while decreasing the levels of oxidative glutathione and malondialdehyde in the intestinal mucosa (p < 0.05). Furthermore, an in vitro study indicated that supplementation with LA in IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells significantly enhanced the expression of OCLN and ZO-1 under hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Collectively, these results suggest that LA relieves post-weaning diarrhoea by reducing intestinal permeability and improving antioxidant indices.

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Editorial (Thematic Issue: Advance of Interactions Between Exogenous Natural Bioactive Peptides and Intestinal Barrier and Immune Responses)

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

Dimethyl fumarate reduces the risk of mycotoxins via improving intestinal barrier and microbiota

Supplemental lipoic acid relieves post‐weaning diarrhoea by decreasing intestinal permeability in rats

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