Education and crime engagement in South Africa: A national and provincial perspective

Jonck, Petronella; Goujon, Anne; Testa, Maria; Kandala, John

doi:10.1016/j.ijedudev.2015.10.002

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The fixed effects Poisson variant suggest that murder increases with the share of men on total population. This is in line with Jonck et al (2015) and Verrinder (2013) who opine and validate that men have a higher probability of engaging in criminal offences than their female counterparts. It also agrees with Denno (1994) who opine that gender is an important predictor of crime.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Gender composition is measured by the share of men on total population for each municipality. Several studies in literature (Jonck et al, 2015;Verrinder, 2013 for instance) argue and confirm that men have a higher probability of committing crime than women. Therefore, an increase the share of men on total population in each municipality is expected to increase murder offences.…”

Section: Data and Empirical Strategymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Unlike most countries, South Africa presents a unique fertile ground for examining the relationship between unemployment and crime as it is characterised by high levels of both. Despite this characteristic, however, only Demombynes and Özler (2002), Verrinder (2013), Tshabalala (2014), and Jonck et al (2015) and more recently Bhorat et al (2017) have focused exclusively on South Africa within the ample evidence available (Burger and Woolard, 2005;Öster & Agell, 2007;Lin, 2008;Rege et al, 2009, Blomquist andWesterlund, 2014;Zulkifli et al, 2016;Nordin & Almén, 2017;Ha & Andresen, 2017;Costantini et al, 2018). Different from these studies, the present analysis is limited to youth unemployment in the context of KwaZulu-Natal which is one of South Africa's high crime provinces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Youth unemployment and murder crimes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Mazorodze

2020

Cogent Economics & Finance

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The relationship between crime and unemployment has a long history in social science and remains a central point of debate for politicians today. In this paper, the objective is to establish whether youth unemployment has a causal effect on murder cases in KwaZulu-Natal; a province in South Africa facing high levels of both and the contribution is methodological. In particular, this paper pioneers the application of a control function procedure in testing and controlling idiosyncratic endogeneity within a count data framework in a bid to isolate the exogenous effect of youth unemployment on murder crimes. Using local municipality-level panel data observed between 2006 and 2017 and holding constant standard control variables, youth unemployment is found to be exogenous to omitted time-varying correlates suggesting that classical count data models with entity-fixed effects suffice. Also confirmed is that the control function approach reports results that are similar to the classical Poisson estimator while the Negative Binomial alternative tends to underestimate the effect of youth unemployment on crime by about 10%. Consistent with the majority of studies in literature, the analysis finds a positive and sizeable effect of youth unemployment on murder offences. A percentage point increase in youth unemployment increases the odds of murder occurrence by 1.6-1.8 times. This suggests that South Africa's labour market could be linked to murder crimes in KwaZulu-Natal and that a social policy aimed at creating jobs for young people can be an alternative way of combating murder crimes in the province. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Brian Mazorodze is an award winning economist specialising in trade, development and industrial economics. He is currently a research fellow at the University of Zululand main campus and a part-time lecturer at Richards Bay campus.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Data and Empirical Strategymentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Youth unemployment and murder crimes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Mazorodze

2020

Cogent Economics & Finance

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“…Secara umum, dalam penelitian tersebut ditemukan bahwa pendidikan setara SMA mengurangi partisipasi pada violent crime sebesar 9% dan 10% pada property crime (Lochner, 2004). Jonck et al, (2015) mendapatkan efek pendidikan terhadap kriminalitas berdasarkan ras di Afrika Selatan. Pada ras kulit putih, efek pendidikan menyerupai kurva "U".…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi terhadap Perilaku Kriminalitas (Tinjauan Literatur)

Adri

Karimi

Indrawari

2019

JIAP

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“…Furthermore, SA has one of the highest rates of imprisonment globally, with 97% of inmates being male (Walmsley, ). As many as 50% of SA males aged 12–22 admit to having perpetrated violent crime (Pelser, ), and in most cases against a victim they knew (Jonck, Goujon, Testa, & Kandala, ). Chief among the factors contributing to crime and violence in SA are both historical patterns associated with apartheid and current dominant social forces such as poverty, unemployment, inequality, access to firearms, widespread alcohol and substance use, and weaknesses in the mechanisms of law enforcement (Seedat et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between violence, criminality, and cognitive control deficits among young men living in low resource communities in South Africa

Bantjes

Rabie

Almirol

et al. 2019

Aggressive Behavior

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Despite empirical support for "Self-control theory" in criminology, there is controversy about how self-control should be operationalized. Working within the framework of "self-control theory," we investigated if violence and criminal behaviors are associated with nine distinct dimensions of cognitive control in a community sample of young men (n = 654) living in peri-urban townships in South Africa. Cognitive control was assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Multivariate statistical analysis was used, to identify associations between violence and criminality, and deaggregated measures of nine distinct components of cognitive control. Fifteen percent of the sample reported recent violence, 27% had been in physical fights with family/friends in the preceding 6 months, 10% reported being arrested, 4% reported forced sexual contact, and 26% reported intimate partner violence (IPV). Controlling for substance use and sociodemographic variables, contact with the criminal justice system and violence were associated with deficits in all domains of cognitive control. Forced sexual contact was associated with behavioral dysregulation. IPV was associated with behavior dysregulation and executive control dysfunction. Future studies might utilize deaggregated measures of self-control to provide further insight into links between particular components of cognitive control and various forms of offending and violence.

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Education and crime engagement in South Africa: A national and provincial perspective

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Youth unemployment and murder crimes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Youth unemployment and murder crimes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi terhadap Perilaku Kriminalitas (Tinjauan Literatur)

Associations between violence, criminality, and cognitive control deficits among young men living in low resource communities in South Africa

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