Education in Disaster Management: What Do We Offer and What Do We Need? Proposing a New Global Program

Khorram‐Manesh, Amir; Lupesco, Olivera; Friedl, Tom; Arnim, Götz von; Kaptan, Kubilay; Djalali, Ahmadreza; Foletti, Marco; Ingrasia, Pier Luigi; Ashkenazi, Michael; Arculeo, Chris; Fischer, Philipp; Hrečkovski, Boris; Komadina, Radko; Voigt, Stefan; Carlström, Eric; James, James

doi:10.1017/dmp.2016.88

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A lot of effort has gone into creating effective triage teaching and training methods [65,72,148,149]. Courses such as ATLS and PHTLS have had an impact on trauma care education, and take place worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Learning is multidimensional and therefore requires multiple measures of different types of outcomes [73]. A good assessment method should be simple and flexible, but also based on theory [72]. One method of evaluation often used in triage training is to test learners before and after an intervention [84].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, training researchers have relied on an evaluation model, proposed by Kirkpatrick [71]. Kirkpatrick's framework has limitations but still remains as a base for evaluation of trainees [72,73]. Within this model, learning skills can be assessed by using multiplechoice tests [70].…”

Section: Training and Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TRIAGE : Management of the trauma patient

Lampi¹

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Triage, derived from the French word for sorting, aims to assess and prioritize injured patients, regardless of whether the injuries are sustained from everyday road traffic accident with few injured or a mass casualty incident. Triage seeks to provide the greatest benefit to the largest number of casualties in order to minimize morbidity and mortality. Triage in a pre-hospital setting entails management and sorting of patients according to an assessment of medical need, prioritization, and evacuation. In-hospital triage aims to rapidly identify the most injured and ensure timely and appropriate treatment according to the patient's clinical urgency. A number of different systems for performing triage have been established and implemented globally. The methodology is recognized and utilized but there is still a need for an evidence-based strategy to optimize training and the efficacy of the different systems.The main aim of this thesis was to determine triage performance among prehospital personnel and investigate the potential advantage of a triage system for trauma patients. The papers included in this thesis evaluated the triage skills of physicians, pre-hospital personnel, and rescue services personnel by testing their performance before and after an educational intervention. The last paper evaluated potential benefits of using a triage system for trauma patients admitted to the emergency department at MOI Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya.The results presented in this thesis illustrate that triage skills are lacking among physicians. Experienced pre-hospital personnel are more skilled in performing triage than physicians. The triage skills of the rescue services personnel improved significantly after the educational intervention. Moreover, the potential benefit to trauma patients of implementing an in-hospital triage system in a resource-poor environment was shown. In conclusion, health care personnel, especially physicians without experience but highly involved in trauma patient management, seem to be in need of triage training. How to train, how to implement, and how to evaluate triage skills must be considered in order to develop effective training. POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNINGOrdet triage kommer från franskans "sortera" och är ett av det första stegen i omhändertagandet av skadade när det råder resursbrist. Från 1800-talets blodiga slagfält, till dagens skadeplats och akutmottagningar har sättet att triagera patienter utvecklats. Men då, som nu, är grundtanken den samma, att sortera och prioritera de skadade utifrån tillgängliga resurser och patienternas vårdbehov. Följaktligen har begreppet kommit att bli centralt inom ämnet katastrofmedicin. Att avlida till följd av skador i samband med allvarliga händelser men också skador i till exempel vardagstrafiken är ett globalt hälsoproblem. Tiden från olycka till sjukhusbehandling är en viktig och ofta avgörande överlevnadsfaktor för en patient. I det här sammanhanget talas det om "den gyllene timmen", som påvisar vikten av att få ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TRIAGE : Management of the trauma patient

Lampi¹

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“…From a Swedish perspective, such an education can be given in various stages, offering different levels of knowledge, skills, and competency based on the individual's willingness, background, and interest. Similar programs have already been suggested [56]. Evaluation of the content and length of one of the "stop the bleed" courses, in San Antonio, Texas, USA in 2017 showed that just a short course, 1 h, is enough for civilians to both feel comfortable in stopping bleedings using tourniquets and performing it correctly, by applying pressure [47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

Khorram‐Manesh

Plegas

Högstedt

et al. 2019

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Purpose There is a gap in time between the occurrence of a mass casualty incident (MCI) and the arrival of the first responders to the scene, which offers an opportunity for the public (immediate responders) to perform life-saving measures. The purpose of this study was to identify these measures and the public's willingness to conduct them. Method An extensive literature review was performed to identify the possible measures that can be undertaken by the public. A group of experts were asked to prioritize and rank the feasibility of performing the measures by the public. Finally, the public was asked whether they were willing to do the chosen measures before and after an appropriate education. Results Twenty different measures were identified and presented in a questionnaire as statements, which were prioritized and ranked by the expert group into four categories: what (1) should be done, (2) is good to know how, (3) is not necessary to know, and (4) should not be done. All statements were converted into understandable statements and were sent to the public. There were some differences and some agreements between the experts and the public regarding what an immediate responder should do. However, the willingness of the public to perform most of the measures was high and increased after being offered an appropriate education. Conclusion The use of immediate responders is a life-saving approach in MCIs and in situations when every minute counts and every human resource is an invaluable asset. Multiple steps, such as education, empowerment, and access, should be taken into consideration to enable bystanders to effectively help struggling survivors.

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“…Emergency service, medical plant, and ambulance service point location and layout problem are surveyed by many authors [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. While some surveys cover only location layout, the other relatives from these research area such as disaster [25][26][27]. Some studies are impressed by the medical failure of patients in a disaster such as acute renal failure [28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Risk Pressure Factor (RPF) with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to Locate Search and Rescue (SAR) Team Station.

Macit¹

2019

Turkish Journal of Forecasting

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A B S T R A C TEarthquake is one of the natural disaster types that suddenly breaks regular human life. Rescue activities in disasters are one of the most critical stages of modern disaster management. This management stage, as mentioned earlier, includes all the activities that need to be done after the disaster. Search and Rescue (SAR) teams perform one of these most critical activities after the earthquake post-disaster period. Search and rescue teams that will rescue and relief after a disaster are selected according to the criteria selected. Location layout selection problems are NP-Hard, and obtaining hard results is in the class of these problems. One of these criteria is the Risk Pressure Factor (RPF) used in determining the priorities of the risk areas. Determining the level of risk level is very difficult and also these are difficult to predict. In this study, it is aimed to estimate this parametric value by using an artificial neural network (ANN) method which is applied in many fields. And then in this study, a prediction model was constructed by using the backpropagation method which is a suitable propagation method in the ANN method and results are obtained from the MATLAB program. The resulting risk-pressure factor (RPF) value can be used as a parameter in the proposed mathematical model. As a result of the study, the missing parameter of the mathematical model will be found in the estimation of a parameter belonging to the proposed mathematical model. 27In this study, we propose a model including risk pressure factor and forecast the Search and Rescue (SAR) team location and layout mathematical model with the artificial neural network (ANN) method. The aim of this study predicts the risk pressure factor by means of ANN methods. The proposal mathematical model locates the SAR station in exact time window with planning long term period. Literature ReviewANN method can be classified into four main groups such as time-series, simulation, qualitative and cause-effect methods. ANN has many advantages consider to other forecasting methods. Developing better forecasting approaches to reduce or eliminate computation time and its total cost. The Prediction models are based on historical data acquired by a user, and these data are computed by statistical methods [5]. For instance, some of the research concerned with the prediction of using water budget [6], air pollution data prediction [7], emergency event prediction [8,9], and rainfall trends [10], wind speed behaviour [11][12][13][14], financial models and prediction [15]. The other approach of this survey is classified as strategic location and layout problems as static or deterministic location problems, dynamic location layout problems or location problems under uncertainty [16]. Emergency service, medical plant, and ambulance service point location and layout problem are surveyed by many authors [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. While some surveys cover only location layout, the other relatives from these research area such as disaster [25][26][27]. S...

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Education in Disaster Management: What Do We Offer and What Do We Need? Proposing a New Global Program

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

TRIAGE : Management of the trauma patient

TRIAGE : Management of the trauma patient

Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

Estimating Risk Pressure Factor (RPF) with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to Locate Search and Rescue (SAR) Team Station.

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